1. Vitamin D Presentation by Karina Lalaiants & Inesa Legrian SCD200.4352 Professor: Nicolle Miller 11/04/09

2. Vitamin D (Sunshine Vitamin) Vitamin D is commonly known as: The “sunshine” vitamin. Vitamin D2 (Ergocalciferol) which is found in plants. Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) which can be obtained from sunlight via our skin.

3. Functions of Vitamin D Vitamin D helps with increased Calcium absorption (small intestine) urinary calcium reabsorption (kidney) and Bone mineralization Helps with the travel of calcium and phosphorous in the blood Modulation of neuromuscular and immune function. Reduction of inflammation.

4. Deficiency Symptoms and Diseases Rickets and Osteomalacia are the classical vitamin D deficiency diseases Rickets, is characterized by a failure of bone tissue to properly mineralize, resulting in soft bones and skeletal deformities Osteomalacia, is characterized by fragile bones that significantly increases the risk of bone fractures

5. Deficiency Symptoms and Diseases Osteoporosis results from inadequate calcium intakes Vitamin D plays a role in the prevention of colon, prostate, and breast cancers hence, lack of this vitamin can trigger these diseases. Vitamin D deficiency is also associated with heart disease and hypertension

6. Healthy Food Sources of Vitamin D Some of the various food sources of Vitamin D are: Fatty fish, Egg, 1 whole (vitamin D is found in yolk) fortified milk, cod liver oil, fortified orange juice, fortified cereals, mushrooms, fortified margarine, beef liver, swiss cheese. In addition, vitamin D can be obtained from sunlight and you can get sunlight for free by exposing your skin to the sun.

7. DRI for Vitamin D Infants 0-6 months 5 (mcg) Micrograms 7-12 months 5 (mcg) Children 1-3 years 5 (mcg) 4-8 years 5 (mcg) Males 9-13 years 5 (mcg) 14-18 years 5 19-30 years 5 (mcg) 31-50 years 5 (mcg) 51-70 years 10 (mcg) > 70 years 15 (mcg)

8. DRI for Vitamin D Females 9-13 years 5 (mcg) 14-18 years 5 (mcg) 19-30 years 5 (mcg) 31-50 years 5 (mcg) 51-70 years 10 (mcg) > 70 15 (mcg)

9. DRI for Vitamin D Pregnancy < 18 years 5 (mcg) 19-30 years 5 (mcg) 31-50 years 5 (mcg) Lactation 18 years 5 (mcg) 19-30 years 5 (mcg) 31-50 years 5 (mcg)

10. DRI for Vitamin D 200 IU is equivalent to 5 mcg. Margarine, fortified, 1 Tablespoon*****60 IU Sardines, canned in oil, drained, 13/4 ounces*****250 IU Tuna fish, canned in oil, 3 ounces*****200 IU In order to meet the recommended DRI, we will need to consume 60 IU of Margarine,

11. DRI for Vitamin D 2 ounces of Sardines = 40 IU And 1.5 ounce of Tuna = 100 IU A combination of these 3 foods and serving sizes will meet the DRI for vitamin D within the children age group and age 50.

12. Facts about Vitamin D When exposed to sunlight (Ultraviolet Rays), Vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol) is absorbed via the skin by using 7 dehydrocholesterol (a crystalline steroid alcohol) Vitamin D is the most vital vitamin in the human body to boost the rate of absorption of the essential minerals calcium and phosphorus from the intestines.

13. References Nutrition An Applied Approach, Janice Thompson & Melinda Manore, 2009 www.nutrition.org www.eatright.org