2. Elements and the Periodic Table

3. 1.1 Metallic Elements LO:I understand what holds the atoms together in a metallic lattice. The Metallic Lattice

4. A lattice is. LO:I understand what holds the atoms together in a metallic lattice. a regular repeating pattern Each metal atom is made up of: + Negative outer electron(s) A positive ion (nucleus and inner electrons) The outer electrons are to any one atom. They are said to be and can move from atom to atom. delocalised not fixed

5. LO:I understand what holds the atoms together in a metallic lattice. A metallic bond is the attraction between the negative delocalised electrons and the surrounding positive. electrostatic ++ + This electron is attracted to all three nuclei outer The outer electrons of one metal atom are attracted to the nuclei of all the atoms. surrounding ions

6. Physical Properties of Metals LO:I understand how some properties of metals relate to the metallic bonds.

7. Electrical Conductivity (ability to be rolled into sheets) (ability to be stretched out into wires) Malleable Ductile LO:I understand how properties of metals relate to the metallic bonds. Metals are able to conduct electricity as the outer electrons are and can move from one end of the metallic lattice to the other. The forces holding the metallic lattice together act equally in directions. This means that the metal atoms can move and slip past each other without the metallic bond. delocalised all breaking

8. LO:I understand how properties of metals relate to the metallic bonds. Boiling point Period number Boiling Point (˚C) Li Na K Rb Cs Boiling point trend down group 1: The boiling point down the group. The outer electrons are from the nucleus and so are not held as tightly. The strength of the metallic bond. decreases further away decreases

9. LO:I understand how properties of metals relate to the metallic bonds. Boiling point trend across a period 4: The boiling point of the metals from left to right. As the number of outer electrons, the strength of the metallic bond increases. The number of outer electrons is. Group Number Boiling Point (˚C) K Ca Ga increases increasing increases