1. © INTAQUA AG Human Sewage Flow The following presentation gives a comprehensive explanation of our technology and processes. in the Yellow-Water-Cycle is basically made up of the nutrients – nitrates and phosphate. In a further cycle, the Yellow-Water-Cycle, the human urine is gathered. this cycle holds all bateria and a low amount of nutrientsInto a Braun-Water-Cycle that gathers the excrements, paper and the toilet-flush water. By using Seperation-Toilets it is possible to seperate the Black-Water –Cycle even further. Within this cycle practically all nutrients and pathogenic Germs are gathered and destroyed. and is treated in its own treatment system and is used exclusively for toilet flushing. and in a Black-Water-Cycle, this cycle is strictly separated from other water cycles and holds the effluents and urine. These waters are mainly composed of organic materials and salt – for example the ingredients of washing powders. Into a Grey-water-cycle for bath, kitchen, laundry and similar waters, Our system is revolutionary; our process isolates the different sewage flows: Sewage from housing Grey Water (Bath, Kitchen, Washing.) Grey Water (Bath, Kitchen, Washing.) Braun Water (Only Faeces) Braun Water (Only Faeces) Gelbwasser (Urin) Gelbwasser (Urin) Black water holds nearly all nutrients and pathogenic Germs Grey water holds organic material and salt Änderungen vorbehalten © INTAQUA AG Brown water holds nearly all bacteria and a low amount of nutrients Yellow water holds nearly all nutrients (nitrogen/nitrates) Black Water (Toilette & Urinales) Black Water (Toilette & Urinales) At the moment the household sewage is not separated before it is fed into the local sewage systems.

2. © INTAQUA AG State of the Art We call this the „Giant Saltwater Pump“. The present water politics pumps our groundwater, our heritage, into the sees and it is lost. Eventually this water finds it way into the Oceans and becomes undrinkable salt water. The Rhein river delivers drinking water for millions of people. This means that a percentage of the water that comes from the household taps is toilet water. In every litre of the river Rhein in the area of Duesseldorf, two egg-cups of this water comes from a sewage plant. In the plants the sewage water partially treated and then released into “discharge systems” (rivers, streams and others). Through kilometre long, often ailing severs the water is delivered to the sewage-plants. Because of the state of the severs this water sometimes contaminates the groundwater. Once in the homes this water is (mostly) used once and then is returned to the sewers. The water is then delivered to the households through kilometre long pipelines, that in itself represent a source of contamination. Drinking Water Sweetwater (Ground Water etc.) Drinking Water Production More often then not, this water has to be extensively treated in Ultra-filtration-plants before used as drinking water. The present uses freshwater from groundwater or from river- bank filtrate Toilette, Bath, Kitchen, Washing Sewage Plant Canal Rivers Salt Water (Ozean)

3. © INTAQUA AG Recycling Technologies State of the Art 1 When this system fails, the drinking water comes into contact with coliform germs and bacteria and is contaminated. So long that the system works without failure this water is harmless. But the mental barriers are high. Water that has been contaminated by excrement and urine is the basis of that drinking water. All waste-waters, without separation are treated in the local sewage treatment plants. Water that is lost through irrigation and evaporation is replaced through the natural resources. This water is, hygienically seen, harmless. But the consumption hits mental barriers. This means that the drinking water that is delivered by the sewage-plants has inevitably flown through the toilet. In the sewage plants the wastewater is filtered, cleaned and returned into the drinking water system. The wastewater is then returned to the sewage-plant through short sewers. contaminated with Excrements and urine, and is then disposed of through one wastewater-pipe. The household uses this water for washing, showers, cleaning and toilet. In addition this water is Through short pipes this drinking water is delivered to the households. This reduces the danger of contamination. Use in Household This water is then treated into drinking water.In one State of the Art recycling process fresh-water is given into a treatment system. Natural Water Recource Watering Evaporation Losses: Recycling of all types of wastewater in one system. Excrements and urine are not separated Hygienically harmless but is mentally rejected. By system failure conta- mination through coliform germs and bacteria- Treatment Plant Faeces, Water Urine Shower, Kitchen, Toilet

4. © INTAQUA AG Recycling Technologies State of the Art 2 A secondary flow of waste-water is used for a second time causing a reduction of the water usage by 30%. Untreated dangerous toxins such as germs, bacteria and hormones flow into the sewage-plants. This small flow is treated for a second time and used a flush water for the toilets. A small flow of the wastewater is separated and fed into a treatment plant. Eventually this water finds it way into the Oceans and becomes undrinkable salt water. The water is then delivered to the sewage-plants through kilometre long sewages that are sometimes old and porous. This in itself represent a danger to the groundwater. The excrement and urine contaminated waste water is also fed into the sewers. In this treatment plant it is filtered and cleand and used as flush water for the toilets. Another small flow is separately fed into a treatment plant.The water is then used for household purposes – washing, showering, cooking ect –, and part is drained into the sewers Through kilometre long pipelines the water is returned to the households presenting an additional cause of pollution. This water has to be, and sometimes with enormous expense, treated into drinking water quality. In one State of the Art recycling process fresh-water is extracted from the natural resources. Use in Household Natural Water Recource Wastewater is partially treated. Partial water savings up to 30% Treatment Plant Faeces, Water Urine Shower, Kitchen Toilet Sewage Water Sewage Plant Canal Rivers Salt Water (Ocean) Toilet flushing using wash water. Dangerous toxins are not separated.

5. © INTAQUA AG Recycling Technologies State of the Art 3 Pollution of the wastewater cycle through germs, bacteria and hormones are not retained. A secondary flow of waste-water is used in a cycle process thus saving up to 30% of water usage. Untreated dangerous toxins such as germs, bacteria and hormones flow unfiltered into the sewage-plants. Water that is needed for the toilet flushing is taken from a treatment plant or from a process-water reservoir. The necessary drinking water is treated, as far as possible, in an open cycle process. able to contaminate the groundwater. This water finds it way into the Oceans and becomes undrinkable salt water. Through kilometre long, often ailing severs the water is delivered to the sewage-plants. Because of the state of the severs this water sometimes is is taken from a process water reservoir. The toilet flush-water returns to the sewers. The excrement, urine and toilet flush water contaminated waste water is, as partial flow, fed into the treatment plant or Water that is lost through irrigation and evaporation is replaced through the natural resources. The treatment plants process the waste water and again deliver it as drinking water to the households. is disposed as wastewater and again given to the treatment plants for processing.. The water is then used for household purposes – washing, showering, cooking ect –, and through separate pipes From the treatment plants the water is then delivered, over short distances to the consumers. and through kilometre long pipes delivered to the treatment plants. With increasing complexity (ultrafiltration plants) is the water treated to drinking water In one State of the Art recycling process fresh-water is taken from the natural resources. Use for Household Natural Water Recource As far as possible drinking water is recycled Partial water savings, impurities Treatment Plant Faeces, Water Urine Shower, Kitchen Toilet Sewage Water Sewage Plant Canal Rivers Salt Water (Ocean) Toilet flushing using dishwater Dangerous toxins are not separated Watering Evaporation Losses: Washwater

6. © INTAQUA AG The INTAQUA Technology: Loop-Technology for Grey water Infiltration Drinking Water Treatment Plant 2 Natural water recource (Rain, River etc.) Artificial groundwater reservoir. Bath, Kitchen, Washing Household Grey Water Treated Greywater Treatment Plant 1 Evaparation Watering Losses: Hormone and Bacteria are destroyed. A saving of 70% of fresh-water can be achieved. Desalination is an intermediate Step. Grey-Water is in a „open-loop“ cycle. Alone with the Grey-Water cycle it is possible to save upto 70% of the fresh-water usage. Because of the nature of our processing toxins such as Hormones and Bacteria are totally destroyed and disposed off. To eliminate the salting of the water through substances such as detergents, one of the initial steps is desalination. The Grey-Water cycle uses an “open loop” process, in this process only the water losses need to be replaced. In the treatment plant the water is filtered, cleaned and delivered to a wash-water reservoir. and is delivered for a first treatment for the production of wash-water through the Grey-Water cycle. This water is used for washing, showering, cocking and drinking and is kept in a separate pipe The water is delivered over short pipelines to the individual households, this minimizes the danger of pollution. The customer can choose what qualities the drinking water should have, hard, soft, fluorinated, taste ect. This system delivers drinking water to the individual specified quality. into a treatment plant that produces the drinking water.When using the cycle-technology for the grey-water-cycle the freshwater is delivered by a groundwater reservoir Eventual loss caused by evaporation and irrigation are replaced through natural water resources.

7. © INTAQUA AG The INTAQUA- Technology: Water Cycle for Black-Water Hospital, Hotels, Settle- ments, etc. Alone with this cycle it is possible to save upto 30% of the freshwater consumption. The system destroys all hormones and medicines which under normal conditions are released into the environment. The only residues that come out of the system are gases, steam, CO2, mineral fertilizer and humus. The toilet flushing water is kept in a separate loop and is fed into an individual treatment plant. As by-products the treatment plant delivers mineral fertilizers and humus which can be used in the agriculture. The waste product are gases from water vapour and CO2 which are then discharged from the system. Because of the surplus water (urine), this system is water self containing. It is not necessary to give freshwater into the system. The treatment plant pumps the filtered and cleaned dishwater back into the loop, back into the flushing systems Through separate pipelines the Black-Water is fed into the „Black-Water Treatment Plant“. After usage the excrements and urine flow into a separate Black-Water treatment loop. The dishwater is then fed through the short pipelines to the consumers (toilets and urinal). Initially freshwater is given into the treatment plant which processes this to dishwater water. Treatment Plant Toilets, Urinales Black Water Dishwater Only Gas: H 2 O, CO 2 Resources: Mineral fertilizer, Humus Flushing water flows in a closed loop Only resources and gas leave the system. Destruction of all harmones, medicines It is possible to achieve a 30% water saving Faeces, Urine, Paper

8. © INTAQUA AG The INTAQUA- Technology: Water Cycle for Brown- and Yellow- Water Alone with this cycle it is possible to save upto 30% of the needed freshwater. This type of processing is ideal for temporary habitation (offices, restaurants ect), it is cheaper and more effective. This type of processing is easier and cheaper but make it necessary that the separation-toilets be installed. The flush-water is treated in are closed-loop system and then fed back into the flush loop. This process is only possible when the excrement and urine are collected and separated by a special „separation” toilet. The only „drop-off“ that this system produces are steam and CO2. This process delivers humus and mineral fertilizers as resources for the agriculture. The urine-water is evaporated and the residue is burnt. The result is an oxidised mineral fertilizer free of medicines. The urine is handled separately to extract the nutrients which are then treated into mineral fertilizers. The flush-water with the excrements is treated separately and deliver hygienic fertilizer The dishwater is then fed through short pipelines to separation toilets which separate excrements from the urine Initially freshwater is given into the treatment plant which processes this to dishwater. Treatment Plant Toilets, Urinales Extraction of Nutrients Mineral Fertilizer Humus CO 2, H 2 O Office, Rest Stop, Ferries, etc. Faeces, Water Urine Dishwater is also in a closed-loop Technology simpler, treat-ment plants cheaper new separation toilets needed. The best system for temporary habitation Up to 30% savings in water usage