1. MUSIC LISTENING FORMATS -------------- Submitted to: Mr Bouzane Submitted by: Shawna Pritchett

2.  Early attempts to design a sound or music playing gadget began in 1877 when Thomas Edison invented his tin-foil phonograph.  The word “gramophone” generally means any early record player driven by mechanical means and reproduces sounds without electrical amplification. Gramophone

3. Pros The pros of music listening device  You can listen to music anywhere at anytime  Our music listening devices today are very compact  You can choose to listen to music alone or with a group  You get to choose any type of music you would like to listen to.

4. Cons of music listening devices The cost More individualized Not used in a social gathering event like in earlier years Not as much social interaction Hearing loss

5.  15 Sept.1943 ------------- Oct.1990  The vinyl was one of the first types of technology that music could be recorded on and played. The vinyl was played on a gramophone.  Initial Investment: Good turntables started at around $300, and you would have needed a good turntable to really experience the magic of vinyl… a plastic cheapie just wouldn’t do! Vinyl Record.

6.   The phonograph, record player, or gramophone  The phonograph, record player, or gramophone, is a device introduced in 1877 that has had continued common use for playing sound recording. When first developed, the phonograph was used to both record and reproduce sounds. The recordings played on such a device generally consist of wavy lines that are either scratched, engraved, or grooved onto a rotating cylinder or disc. As the cylinder or disc rotates, a stylus or needle traces the wavy lines and vibrates to reproduce the recorded sound waves. October 18 th 1964

7.  Stereo 8, commonly called an 8 track tape is a magnetic tape sound recording technology.  It was popular in the United States in the mid-1960s through the early 1980s.  It was developed by a group of people led by Bill Lear of Lear Jet Corporation, along with Apex, Ford Motor Company, General Motors, Motorola, and RCA Victor Records (RCA). It was a further development of the similar Stereo-Pak four-track cartridge created by Earl "Madman" Muntz. A later quadraphonic version of the format was announced by RCA in April 1970 and first known as Quad-8, then later changed to just Q8.  8 TRACK TAPES

8. In the year 1963, the market opened its doors to the first version of the cassette player. This was introduced in the audio business by Philips, a famous audio company. During the 1980s, cassette players were a boom in the music industry. This was influenced by the invention of the Sony’s Walkman that can be used for the cassette players in the market.

9. Compact Disc The Compact Disc, or CD for short, is an optical disc used to store Digital data. It was originally developed to store and play back sound recordings only. CDs became available in October 1982. No single person invented the CD it was done by a group of 4-8 people through Sony.

10.  Most reports, including Wired article "Inside Look at Birth of the iPod", indicate that the basic idea for the iPod and iTunes was originally conceived by Tony Fadell, an independent contractor who shopped the idea around to several companies including Apple. Fadell and a team of designers, engineers, and programmers worked together on the final product.

12.  http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/the-history-of-music- technology-1940-present http://www.timetoast.com/timelines/the-history-of-music- technology-1940-present  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8-track_tape http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/8-track_tape Bibliography http://www.recordcollectorsguild.org/modules http://cdn.innovateus.net/pre set_4/cassette-tape-2.jpg http://tokyo5.files.wordpress.com/2009/07/wal kman-1979.gif

13.  http://pective.com/m/mini-compact-disc http://pective.com/m/mini-compact-disc Bibliography continued http://thediscoverystores.com/store/images/ipod- touch-4th.jpg http://thediscoverystores.com/store/images/ipod- touch-4th.jpg http://www.everymac.com/systems/apple/ipo d/ipod-faq/ipod-inventor-designer-font-used- where-to-buy.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPod