1. Relative and absolute addressing

2. Cell Referencing Cell referencing is the method by which you refer to a cell or series of cells in a formula Cell referencing is not important unless you plan to copy the formula to a number of other cells Excel accepts cell references in what are called absolute and relative addressing

3. Absolute Addressing Absolute addressing have a $ character before the column portion of the reference and/or the row portion of the reference The $ character indicates to Excel that it should not increment the column and/or row reference as you fill a range with a formula or as you copy a range For example, $A$1 is an absolute addressing

4. Relative Addressing Relative addressing do not use the $ character It will change when formula with the reference is copied to another cell For example, A1 is a relative addressing

5. Conti… Benefit: ◦ You can write formula once, copy it to as many other cells as you like, and have excel update the formulas to reflect their new cells

6. Example If you enter =A1 in a cell and then fill that cell down a column, the '1' in the reference will increment in each row. Thus, the formula in row 50 would be =A50. However, if you enter =$A$1 in a cell and fill down, the range reference will remain $A$1 -- it will not increment as you fill or copy down a column.

7. Conti… Cell Reference Types Reference TypeFormula What Happens After Copying the Formula Relative=A1 Both the column letter A and the row number 1 can change. Absolute=$A$1 The column letter A and the row number 1 do not change. Mixed=$A1 The column letter A does not change. The row number 1 can change. Mixed=A$1The column letter A can change. The row number 1 does not change.