2.  Write the following speed terms on your warm up sheet.  Beside each one write what you think each of the terms measure.  Mph -  Knots -  Mach -  Light year -  Warp - Monday, March 17 2014 Warm up

3. Mphmiles traveled per hour Knots time it takes to travel 1 nautical mile per hour Machobjects speed divided by the speed of sound Light yeardistance traveled by light in 1 year Warpdoesn’t exist except on Star Trek – faster than the speed of light

4. Read through the procedure. Copy the Data Table Assign Jobs: Recorder Walker Timer Measurer Perform the procedure. Calculate your Student Minute Answer the questions in your notebook using complete sentences.

5.  Light travels at approximately 18,000,000 km/min.  The sun is approximately 150,000,000 km from Earth.  How many minutes does it take the sun’s energy to travel to Earth ?  Answer using a complete sentence.  Hint: Set up a proportion or use the formula for speed.  You may use a calculator

6.  Forces that change the shape of the earth  Topography  Sun, Moon, Earth relationships  Science Benchmark – Wednesday, March 26

7.  In the model, what represented the light and what represented the year?  How is a student minute similar to a light year?  How is a student minute different from a light year?  Why do astronomers use light years instead of kms to measure distances in the universe?  If a star located 65 light years away from Earth stops giving off light energy at this very moment, how long will it be before we can know it?  When using a telescope to observe the stars, some say they are observing the past instead of the present. What does this mean?

9. How far is far? How fast is fast?

10. What Is It? A light year is the DISTANCE that light DISTANCE that light will travel, through a will travel, through a vacuum, in 1 year. vacuum, in 1 year.

11. The Speed of Light

12.  c = 300,000 km per second or 186,000 miles per second

13.  To get an idea of how fast this is... light can travel about seven times around Earth in one second!

14. Copy the information below and calculate the answers. Use a calculator. Light travels at 300,000 km/sec _____________km/min _____________km/hour _____________km/day _____________km/year

15. How far is a light-minute? A light-hour? A light-day? A light-year? 18,000,000 km or 11,160,000 mi 1,080,000,000 km or 669,600,000 mi 25,920,000,000 km or 16,070,400,000 mi 9,460,800,000,000 km or 5,865,696,000,000 mi

16. So, how many kilometers across is our solar system? 1,080,000,000 x 10 =?

21. A light-year is the distance light travels, in a vacuum, in one year. 9.5 trillion kms or 6 trillion mi

22.  When we see the star Betelgeuse in the Orion constellation, we are seeing the light that left that star approximately 640 years ago.  So, what is the distance of Betelgeuse from Earth?  Explain why this is like looking into the past?  Answer in complete sentences!

23. Warm ups are on the table. Follow the directions.

24.  Remembering back to your web-quest assignment from last week:  What does AU stand for?  What does it measure?  Talk in your group and discuss the answers.

25.  Light years are used to measure the vast distances in space.  In the universe, the kilometer measure is too small to use.

26.  The symbol for light year is “ly”.

27. For example, the distance to the next nearest big galaxy, the Andromeda Galaxy, is 21 quintillion km. That's 21,000,000,000,000,000,000 km. This is a number so large that it becomes hard to write, to relate to, and to use in calculations.

28.  Every time you look at objects in the night sky or the Sun, the light from that object is old. You are looking at history.

29.  It takes 8.3 light minutes for light leaving the Sun to reach the Earth.  To put this in perspective, if you could drive from the surface of the Sun to the surface of the Earth, it would take you 180 years driving nonstop at 60 mph.

30.  Sirius, in the constellation Canis Major, is the sky’s brightest star. It is easy to find on winter and spring evenings.  When you look at Sirius, you are looking back in time to see how Sirius looked 8 years ago. The light left the star 8 years ago.

32.  As you read:  Write in the margins any questions you have  Circle the date of the theory  Highlight the names of the scientists associated with the theory  Underline important concepts of the theory  Highlight the main ideas of the evidences of the theory

33.  Briefly explain your understanding of the big bang theory. Use sentences.

34.  Follow the directions.  Analyze the data by answering the questions.

35.  Sit where you were yesterday. If you need a pencil, I will provide it.

36.  #2  What is the density of the mineral sample.  Mass – 14.7 g  Volume – 2.2 cm³

37.  Answer on the back of your scantron.  #17 – C1  #30 – C2  #38 – C3  #44 – C4

38.  1. Imagine that Location A on the balloon is the Milky Way and the other locations are distant galaxies outside the Local Group. How would you describe the motion of the other galaxies?  2. How do scientists know if other galaxies in the universe are moving farther away from us?  3. Is this a good model of the universe? Explain.

39.  12 – 15 billion years ago matter gathered together under pressure  Hot, dense, ball expanded rapidly  Helium, hydrogen and other gases radiated into space  Gases cooled, collected and formed galaxies  Expansion continues indefinitely eventually becoming cold and dark- Open Universe Theory  Closed Universe Theory – Expansion continues until gravity pulls galaxies back in and another big bang occurs

40.  Universe began with big bang  Will not end  Expands outward and slows down  Will stop and contract back inward  Repeat cycle

41.  Universe remains constant forever

42.  Galaxies moving away, waves lengthen - red shift  Galaxies moving toward us, waves shorten – blue shift  Galaxies beyond our Local Group of galaxies show red shift, therefore it is believed that the universe is expanding.

43.  Write a paragraph explaining what you understand about the Big Bang Theory.   Include what you think the theory states and why you think it may or may not be true  What you think will happen to the universe in the future  Why you think it is important to study the universe

44.  Focus sheets are on the table.  Read each one.  Copy the answer stem and fill in with the correct answer.

45.  Passing Standard – 54%  Average Score : 68  144 Students Tested/103  122 Passed/ 87  85% passing rate/ 84

46.  Write the sentence and fill in the blanks.  In my mind, the Universe is_____________________ and is made up of __________________________.

47.  Develop a timeline for the scientists and their theory of the universe.  Your timeline should include:  Name of the theory  Scientist /s associated with the theory  Even appropriate increments. (count by 50’s or 100’s)  A brief summary of the theory (5-10 words)  Title the timeline.  Use manilla paper  Use a ruler.  Neatness counts.

48.  Research project.  10 theories.  Big Bang Theory is the most widely accepted.  Share theories.  Timeline assignment.  Google: name of theory  Thinkquest, pbs, britannica are the best resources to use.

49.  Based on what you read yesterday, write a brief summary of the Big Bang Theory.  Briefly state 2 supports for this theory.  When you finish, pick up your computer and get started.