1. Winter Tree Identification

2. Evergreens (Conifers) Deciduous Leaves are needles or scalelike Leaves stay on Tree year round Fruit is a cone Sap has “antifreeze” Leaves are flat with veins Leaves fall off tree in autumn Fruits vary

3. How to Identify Conifers Are leaves needle or scalelike? Are needles in a bundle or do they grow singly? How many needles are in a bundle? Do leaves fall off in autumn?

4. Scalelike Leaves Eastern red cedar Northern white cedar

5. Eastern White Pine Jack Pine Needles in Bundles

6. Single Needles Colorado blue spruce

7. Alternate Leaves Opposite Leaves Leaf Arrangement in Deciduous Trees Whorled Leaves

8. Trees with Opposite Leaves MAD Horse Buck (and Viburnum) Maple Ash Dogwood Horse Chestnut Buckeye Viburnum

9. Trees with Alternate Leaves Everything else… Oak Beech Hickory Aspen Elm Hackberry Etc….

10. Simple vs. Compound

11. Twig Anatomy

12. Maple (Acer sp.) Twigs/Buds Sugar Maple Silver Maple

13. Maple (Acer sp.) Bark Sugar Maple Silver Maple

14. Ash (Fraxinus sp.) Twigs Black Ash White Ash Green Ash

15. Ash (Fraxinus sp.) Bark White Ash Green Ash

16. Ohio Buckeye (Aesculus glabra) Opposite Leaf Scars Hexagonal Pith Peanut Butter Colored Large Bud Light Gray Bark

17. Black Walnut (Juglans nigra) Chambered Pith Bud and Leaf Scar (Monkey Face) Fruit

18. Birches (Betula sp.) Young bark of River Birch Bark of Paper Birch Mature bark of River Birch

19. Hickories (Carya sp.) Shagbark Hickory Bitternut (or Yellow-bud) Hickory

20. Catalpa (Catalpa speciosa) Whorled Leaf ScarsBark Fruit

21. Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis) Bud – Hairy Pseudoterminal Bud Angled Warty Bark in Young Trees

22. American Beech (Fagus grandifolia) Smooth, Silvery Bark Spiky Fruit Bud – Long, Narrow Cigar

23. Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) Bud – One Scale Distinctive Flaky Bark Fruit

24. Cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Blocky Bark Bud – Imbricate Scales, Shiny and Large

25. Basswood (Tilia americana) Bud – Smiling Shark Mature Bark – Deep Fissures Young Bark – Smooth

26. Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) Paired Thorns on TwigBark – Deep Fissures

27. Oaks (Quercus sp.) Red Oak White Oak

28. Black Cherry (Prunus serotina) Young Bark (horizontal lenticels) Mature Bark

29. Field Guides and Resources Trees of Wisconsin website http://www.uwgb.edu/biodiversity/herbarium/trees/tree_intro01.htm