1. Survey Perspective American Association for Public Opinion Research (AAPOR) Institute for Employment Research (IAB) Joint Program in Survey Methodology (JPSM) fkreuter@umd.edu

2. Big Change in Survey Environment - Administrative data largely unused - New emerging data - Surveys are expensive and take time … BUT - Big Data / Admin data often variable poor - Linkage necessary

3. Challenge to Inference Responders Sample Consenters Non- Consenters Non- Responders Sample Frame/ Admin Data Linked Non-Linked

4. Selectivity of Consent Age, race/ethnicity, gender, education, marital status, wealth, earnings, health status, health insurance, employment Sala et al., 2014; Sala et al., 2012; Bates and Pascale, 2006; Jenkins et al., 2006; Banks et al., 2005; Dunn et al., 2003; Young et al., 2001; Woolf et al, 2000; Olson, 1999; Pullen et al., 1992 Item missing data, interviewer characteristics Sala et al., 2012 ; Jenkins et al., 2006 Wording and placement of consent request Sala et al., 2014; Sakshaug and Kreuter, 2014; Sakshaug et al., 2013

5. The information you have provided so far would be a lot more valuable to us if we could link it to public voting records. Do we have your permission to link your answers to your voting record?

6. The information you have provided so far would be a lot less valuable to us if we could link it to public voting records. Do we have your permission to link your answers to your voting record?

7. The information you have provided so far would be a lot less valuable to us if we could not link it to public voting records. Do we have your permission to link your answers to your voting record? 12% more “yes” answers

8. Other A-B tests on consent o Front 95% vs. back 86% o Variation by interviewer: 75 – 99% o Across studies in US: 24% - 85%

9. Question for the discussion Can we make a reasonable claim that current consent requirements are not working? - Because hard understand - Because hard to know what use in future - Because consent easily influenced by wording/framing Can we shift responsibility?

10. Responsible data USER

11. Consent Bias – 1 of many errors Total Survey Error -Successful use in ‘small data’ -Good starting point -Development needed Always in light of -Research question -Hypothesis Groves et al. 2004

13. 13  UKDA, Essex will be next Data Access I