1. RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL Noisy Times in Wireless Welcome to Our World

2. Wi-Fi is the New Ethernet Opens Up Massive New Market Opportunity Source: DellOro Group 95 Today $25B $1B Ethernet Switch Port Market ($ in billions) YESTERDAY TODAY 2 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

3. Lots of Choices: Everyone has a Thing Big and CloudyRoaming for Voice Access / Security ?Cisco Look-a-Like “Controller-Less” High Density 3 Reliability Super Low Cost RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

4. The Only Thing that Really Matters The signal, the PHY, the air. It’s the foundation and the only place where speed and capacity can be improved. 4 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

5. But Wi-Fi Has Personal Issues o Coverage: 1997 – present o Security: 1997 – 2004 o Roaming: 1997 – 2009 o Speed: 2003 – present o Capacity: June 29 th 2007 - present 5 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

6. It’s Inconsistent vs 6 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

7. It’s Unruly 7 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

8. It’s Unclear Dropped connections have a huge and negative impact on business operations Interference is a Killer! 8 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

9. 40MHz Doesn’t 5GHz Solve Everything? 5.25 GHz 5.35 GHz 5.470 GHz 5.725 GHz 5.825 GHz 5.15 GHz UNII-1UNII-2 DFS UNII-3 UNII-2e DFS o 24 non-overlapping 20 MHz channels o 11 non-overlapping 40 MHz channels o Only 4 non-DFS channels for bonding o Creates channel planning problems similar to 2.4 GHz o 5 GHz isn’t a panacea, RF management is still king 149 153 157 161 36 40 44 48 NON-DFS CHANNELS 9 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

10. And New Standards Won’t Save You o 802.11ac - Next generation Wi-Fi o Better, bigger, faster……..? o Limited improvement for enterprise customers 10 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

11. The Key to Better Wi-Fi: SINR o When faced with interference, it’s SINR that matters o Higher SINR = Higher data rates and capacity o So how do you get a high SINR? o You can either increase signal or decrease interference o Adaptive (smart) antenna systems do both! SNR SINR Receive Signal Level Noise Floor T I M E 11 RUCKUS ITR PRESENTATION / BOSTON

12. Introduction 11ac Enhancements and Timelines 12 RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

13. 802.11ac - An Overview RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 13 5 GHz Only Optimistic Specs Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) o Breaks “gigabit” barrier o Max of 6.9 Gbps o “Gimmick” specs that drive data rates very high o Many features not practical for real-world enterprises o Encourages 5G adoption o Focuses on capacity-rich, low-interference spectrum o Benefits entire Wi-Fi ecosystem Up to 8 spatial streams APAP o N-fold efficiency improvement o Increases radio complexity, power draw, and cost o Requires client-side support o Not possible today o Simultaneous downlink Tx to single-stream clients o Multiples network capacity o Key differentiator from 802.11n 5G 2.4G 256-QAM o More efficient modulation o 33% data rate gains o Very short ranges only o Requires 11ac clients 80/160 MHz channels o Very wide channels o Primary reason for 11ac’s very high data rates o Ineffective use of spectrum in multi-AP environments o Decreases total capacity 160 4040 2020 8080

14. o 11ac supports 5 GHz frequencies only o Dual-band devices will support 11n in 2.4 GHz o Focuses on spectrum with more bandwidth, less interference, and better scalability and capacity o Encourages client device suppliers to adopt 5 GHz, to benefit from 11ac marketing, leaving 2.4 GHz as “best effort” spectrum 14 5 GHz Only RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 480 MHz 25 channels 83.5 MHz 3 channels Capacity

15. Artificially bloats max data rates of 802.11ac 15 Spatial Streams RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 8x8:8 (MIMO) Bandwidth1ss2ss3ss4ss…8ss 20 MHz78156260*312…624 40 MHz180360540720…1440 80 MHz39078011701560…3120 256-QAM, 800 ns GI o Business o Increases AP/client cost o Increases AP/client size o Decreases aesthetic appeal o 2x2 APs often meet the business need o Technical o Short range for 4+ streams o More streams require RF “differentiation” (difficult with 4+ streams) o Adds power draw on APs (PoE power budget) and clients (battery life) Real-World Barriers 802.11ac defines up to 8 spatial streams 802.11n defined up to 4 spatial streams Flagship devices today support up to 3SS Enterprises often prefer cost/performance of 2x2 APs

16. 16 256-QAM RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 256- QAM 64-QAM 16-QAM QPSK BPSK 0 1 01 11 00 10 100% gain (2x) 50% gain (1.5x)33% gain (1.3x) o 256-QAM improves efficiency by 33% o Higher-order modulation adds complexity, which requires higher SNR o Beneficial near the AP o Efficiency gain from modulation does not increase linearly o Requires 802.11ac AP and client

17. 17 Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO) RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL o Transmit simultaneous downlink frames to different receivers o Significant capacity enhancements in environments with many single- stream devices (tablets, smartphones) o Requires 11ac client(s) with TxBF feedback/support o Creates new challenges related to signal steering and isolation o How to get… 4x4:4 Access Point Stream 1 Stream 2 Stream 3 Stream 4 4x4:4 Access Point Stream 1 Single-User MIMO Single downlink Tx at a time o DataA to StaA o DataB to StaB o No DataA to StaB o No DataB to StaA

18. PayloadPayload MAC Header PHY Header Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space ACK OverheadEffectiveOverhead Time *Note: Diagrams are not to scale and are conceptual only PayloadPayload MAC Header PHY Header Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space ACK OverheadEffectiveOverhead PayloadPayload MAC Header PHY Header Interframe Space Random Backoff Interframe Space ACK OverheadEffectiveOverhead 11a/g 11n 11ac Why throughput does not equal data rate… 18 Large(r) Frame Size RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL The Solution: increase payload size o Every data frame in 802.11ac is an A-MPDU o Better spectrum efficiency enables larger frame sizes without adverse impact from interference o Use of large frames depends on high rates PHYAggregation Max Bytes (Layer 2) Max Bytes (Layer 1) 11b N (fragmentation often used) 2,304~2,336 11a/gN2,304~2,336 11nY7,93565,535 11acY11,4541,048,575

19. Q: Is it be backward compatible with 11a/n? Yes. 11ac is fully backward compatible with 802.11a/n, using protection mechanisms with 11a/n frame formats. What about 2.4 GHz? Initially, dual-band APs will be 802.11n in 2.4G and 802.11ac in 5G. 11ac may eventually be introduced to 2.4G for benefits from added spatial streams or 256-QAM. Will it require new hardware? Yes. For every supplier, all APs and clients will need new hardware, whether complete AP replacement or modular radio add-ons. Controllers or management software may be software upgradeable. 19 FAQ RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL A: Q: A: Q: A:

20. 11ac in Waves 20 Net gain Slight efficiency improvement, most benefits are for 802.11ac devices Wave 1 – Q3, 2013 256-QAM 33% gain at very short range 80 MHz channels Twice the capacity of 40 MHz 802.11n (but not recommended for multi-AP deployments) 3 spatial streams Already supported by 802.11n (3x3) Net gain Multiples aggregate network capacity and efficiency, ALL devices benefit Wave 2 – Late 2014 Wave 1+ Includes all Wave 1 features, with additional chip improvements 80 / 160 MHz channels Twice the capacity of 80 MHz 802.11ac (but not recommended for multi-AP deployments) 3+ spatial streams Likely 4 spatial streams. N-fold throughput gain for high-end clients, more flexibility/capacity for MU-MIMO MU-MIMO Up to 4x capacity boost, multiplies aggregate capacity

21. Better 11ac with Ruckus Making the most of next-generation Wi-Fi 21 RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL

22. 22 Maximizing 256-QAM RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL BPSK DPSK 16-QAM 64-QAM 256-QAM o With per-packet adaptive antenna control, polarization diversity, and active channel selection techniques, Ruckus APs maximize the potential of 256-QAM with 11ac o Greater SNR/SINR increases the useful downlink range of 256-QAM o Adaptive PD-MRC and higher uplink receive sensitivity increase uplink range of 256-QAM o APs select channels with more capacity and less noise and interference ThemUs

23. 23 Smarter Channel Planning RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL 38465462 4258 50 36363636 40404040 44444444 48484848 52525252 56565656 60606060 64646464 36 40 44 48 TIME CHANNEL PLANNING DYNAMIC OPERATION CHANNELFLY o 802.11ac introduces the possibility of 20 MHz, 40 MHz, 80 MHz, or 160 MHz channels o Each 40, 80, or 160 MHz channel will have primary 20, 40, and 80 MHz subchannels o It becomes increasingly difficult to determine what channel widths are optimal for each environment based on spectral reuse, the number of APs, transmit power, client device types and channel support, etc. o Manual channel planning becomes VERY DIFFICULT o The dynamic nature of RF environments raises new concerns for both ongoing channel width settings (should we use 20s, 40s, 80s?) as well as AP channel assignment adaptation (what primary 20/40/80 channels should I use at any moment in time?) o APs must be able to select the best primary 20, 40, and 80 MHz channels for their own environment, or possibly change from 80 MHz operation to 40 MHz o ChannelFly will tackle both problems (channel width and channel assignment) by… o Actively measuring performance on each channel o Adaptively changing as environmental conditions fluctuate o Discovering the best channel settings for the environment, the client device types, count, and channel width support, and the amount of traffic at each bandwidth setting

24. 24 BeamFlex-Enhanced MU-MIMO RUCKUS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL Antenna 2 to Client 2 Antenna 1 to Client 1 Antenna 3 to Client 3 3x3 MU-MIMO 3 clients concurrently communicate with AP, each on a dedicated spatial stream (and antenna) MU-MIMO enhanced with BeamFlex Directional antenna element for each client o Better signal separation o Higher sustained data rates o Increased AP capacity Standard MU-MIMO All clients hear all antennas o Poor signal isolation per client o Lower SNR per link = lower data rates o Marginal benefit to capacity

25. RUCKUS WIRELESS PROPRIETARY AND CONFIDENTIAL