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Electric Circuits Chapter 20.3
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Key Concepts and Vocabulary
What is included in a circuit diagram? How do series and parallel circuits differ? How do you calculate electric power and electrical energy used? Vocabulary: Electric circuit Series circuit Parallel circuit Electric power
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Circuit Diagrams Use symbols to represent parts of a circuit. Include:
Sources of electrical energy Devices that are run by electrical energy
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Circuit Symbols Each battery = 1.5V
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Types of Circuits
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Series Circuits Charge has only ONE path through which it can flow.
If one element stops functioning in a series circuit, NONE of the elements can operate. The bulbs in a circuit are a source of resistance. The more bulbs, the more resistance.
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Objects in Series - 6V 3V 0V + Voltage is split equally among the resistors in the circuit. Current is the same throughout the circuit.
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Draw a diagram for this circuit
What would the voltage be at each bulb if the total voltage is 9 V. How could you make each bulb brighter
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Parallel Circuit Charge has TWO OR MORE paths through which the charge can flow. If one element stops functioning, the rest of the elements can still operate.
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Lamps in Parallel
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Draw a Circuit Diagram
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Draw a Circuit Diagram
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Which is a series circuit and which is parallel circuit?
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In which are the lamps in series and in which in parallel?
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Power and Energy Calculations
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Power Power is the rate of doing work. Power is measured in WATTS (W).
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Electrical Power Electrical power is the rate at which electrical energy is converted to another form of energy. Electrical power is calculated by multiplying voltage by current. P (watts) = I (amps) x V (volts)
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Electrical Power Electrical power is calculated by multiplying voltage by current. Power (P) = Current (I) x Voltage (V) (W)atts (A)mps (V)olts
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Practice Problem P = I x V P = 34A x 240 V P = 8200 W
An electrical oven is connected to a 240-volt line, and it uses 34 amps of current. What is the power used by the oven? P = I x V P = 34A x 240 V P = 8200 W
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Math Practice Practice Problems Page 611 Page 613 Problems 1 – 3
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Electrical Energy How much energy is used by an appliance.
Energy = Power x Time E = P x t Unit = kilowatt-hours
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The power rating on an electric oven is 9300 watts
The power rating on an electric oven is 9300 watts. If the oven is plugged into a 240-volt line, how much current does it use? What is the resistance of the oven? If the oven is operated for 1 hour per day, how much electrical energy does it use per day.
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A freezer has a power rating of 105 watts
A freezer has a power rating of 105 watts. How much current does it use if it is plugged into a 120-volt line? If the freezer is used all the time, how much electrical energy does it use in a year?
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