1. Plate Tectonics Revision
6th year Geography

2. Learning Outcome Revise Core Book Chapters 1 – 3 Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Examine the exam questions on these topics

3. Theory of Plate Tectonics
Earths plates move
Landforms result

4. Tectonic Cycle
Continuous destruction and formation of the earth’s crust at plate boundaries.

5. Theory of Plate Tectonics
Wegener 1912
Continental Drift
Hess
Sea Floor Spreading

6. Destructive Plate Boundaries
Collision of plates
Subduction
Volcanoes
Eg; Mount Saint Helens
Fold Mountains
Eg; Alps
Earthquakes
Eg; Kobe

7. Constructive Plate Boundaries
Plates separate
Rift Valley
Eg; African Rift Valley
Mid Ocean Ridges
Eg; Mid Atlantic Ridge

8. Conservative Plate Boundaries
Plates slide past each other
Earthquakes
Eg; Haiti 2010
Transform fault
Eg; San Andreas Fault

9. Exam Questions – Plate Tectonics
Explain how the theory of plate tectonics has aided our understanding of the occurrence of volcanic activity.
‘Plate boundaries are zones where crust is both created and destroyed.’ Examine the above statement with reference to examples you have studied.

10. Earthquakes
Focus
Tremor
Epicentre

11. Measuring Earthquakes
Seismographs (record earthquake waves)
Richter Scale (energy / magnitude)
Modified Mercalli Scale (damage seen)

12. Effects Short Term Long Term Death Destruction Tsunamis Fire
Homelessness
Migration
Disease
Economic slowdown

13. Case Study South East Asian Earthquake and Tsunami December 2004
9.0 Richter Scale
Indian Plate slid beneath Burma Plate
Affected 11 countries
320,000 deaths
1.5 million people displaced

14. Exam Questions - Earthquakes
Examine how earthquakes are measured and may be predicted.
Describe and explain an earthquake that you have studied under the following headings;
Plates involved
What caused the earthquake
Long & Short Term Effects
Recovery

15. Volcanoes

16. Volcanoes occur at... Mid-Ocean Ridges (Constructive Plate Boundaries)
Subduction Zones (Destructive Plate Boundaries)
Hotspots

17. Products of Volcanic Eruptions
Lava
Pyroclasts
Poisonous gases
Ash, pumice, dust
Water vapour

18. Volcanic Landforms External Internal Lava Plateau Volcanic cones
Craters
Calderas
Volcanic plugs
Batholiths
Sills
Dykes
Laccoliths
Lopoliths

19. Effects of Volcanoes Positive Negative New land (Iceland)
Geothermal energy
Fertile soil
Tourism
Lava flows destroy and kill
Lahars destroy and kill
Poisonous gases harm health and kill
Ash can disrupt air travel

20. Case Study Soufriere Hills, Montserrat, Carribbean.
Dormant for 300 years
Active since 1995
June people killed, 100 homes destroyed.
Pyroclastic flow 160 kmph
24 hour monitoring- Montserrat Volcano Observatory

21. Exam Questions
Explain with the aid of an example you have studied why volcanic activity happens at plate margins.
Explain how the study of plate tectonics has helped us to understand the global distribution of volcanoes.
Volcanoes can have both positive and negative effects. Examine the effects of a volcano that you have studied.