1. Improving your Lighting Street Lighting

2. Public lighting is one of the greatest consumers of energy and the greatest emitters of carbon. Changing to LED street lighting is more energy efficient, it is also more reliable and requires less maintenance once installed – which is good for everyone, not just the environment. The use of LED lighting in other cities around the UK have resulted in an average 50% reduction in energy costs with a predicted 35% saving in their carbon footprint as a result of these changes. Also LED street lighting helps reduce traffic accidents, crime and the fear of crime, improving safety for all, due to the white LED lighting producing clearer and cleaner light Introduction VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

3. LEDs were invented by NASA in 1962 as low power sources of light for control panel status indication. More recently they have been developed for high power applications in vehicle lighting and now road lighting. VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

4. In recent years much effort has been used to improve energy efficiency and decrease energy consumption. This has resulted in new legislation in the European Union on energy efficiency in general, but also for the lighting sector. This Directive will phase out a number of products with poor energy efficiency within the very near future, such as high pressure mercury lamps, which are widely used in road lighting. Switching to LED lighting with their increased luminous efficacy makes them a viable street light source that offers excellent energy savings. LEDs also provide other advantages such as reduced maintenance costs and longer service life (No replacement of lamps). VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

5. Typical Returns on Investment (ROI) are 3 to 7 years (depending to the price of electricity and type of lamp in use). It can be expected that electricity prices will increase in the coming years, bringing down typical return times even further. Our LED lamps are constructed to have a lifetime of up to 60,000 hours of light output. The specially designed aluminum heat sink with optimised heat dissipation for the led lamp keeps the lamp operating at ambient temperatures of -40 to + 65c well below the critical current and temperature requirements. Because of these electrical properties and our heat dissipation design our lamp is extremely durable. Last but not least, our lamps contain no hazardous substances such as mercury, which are commonly needed in conventional lighting solutions. VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

6. Over a 15 year lifetime you will need to replace lamps which are an enormous amount of waste and cost. Maintenance for conventional lighting mainly consists of replacing the light source, the bulb. The lifetime of conventional lamps typically is about 8,000 - 12,000 hours, equal to average use over 2-3 years. Our LED light sources have a life time up to 60,000 hours, typically 12-18 years for street lighting. Less replacement of lamps means less maintenance, fewer road closures and therefor less congestion. Furthermore, LED lighting is much better able to withstand mechanical impact than conventional lighting. Corrective maintenance due to the failure of damaged bulbs is thus reduced to a minimum. VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

7. With ever increasing costs of traffic management and H & S related costs when relamping, the saving in maintenance frequency equates to a very substantial amount in any council maintenance budget. The lower operational expenses provide a substantially lower Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

8. The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) has recently published a Technical Report recommending a System for Mesopic Photometry based on Visual Performance. This new CIE Mesopic photometry is valid between 0.005 – 5 cd/m2, that is, it covers luminance encountered in outdoor street lighting. The new mesopic system provides for the first time the means to evaluate lighting in terms of an internationally accepted system of mesopic photometry. VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

9. MESOPIC VISION In medium light intensity areas the eye’s spectral sensitivity lies somewhere in the area between night vision and day vision. This is often true at dusk and dawn or under street lights and in our homes. The eye responds not only to brightness, but to the spectral distribution of incoming light when deciding when to shift between the Photopic and the Scotopic states Mesopic Photometry VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

10. This vision is called Mesopic vision and is due to both rods and cones being required for vision. Traditional methods of using ‘Photopic Lumens’ to describe light intensity in such an area grossly underestimates the light intensity, as it totally ignores the contribution of rod cells to vision or the ‘Scotopic Lumens’. Scientists at the Lawrence Berkley Laboratory developed a factor called Scotopic/Photopic [S/P] ratio. This ratio helps convert traditional Lumens into actual lumens (Pupil Lumens)perceived by the eye under Mesopic light conditions and gives a more accurate estimate of the amount of light VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

11. VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

12. Photopic Lumens * [S/P ratio] = Pupil Lumens Here are various light sources S/P ratio. This ratio determines the apparent visual brightness of a light source. This is why a lower watt LED, which produce a high S/P ratio, appears as bright or brighter to the human eye, than a High Pressure Sodium of more than twice the wattage. They just don’t have the spectrum of light needed to illuminate objects properly and elicit the optimum response from the human retina in Mesopic lighting conditions. EXAMPLE 60 Watt LED 106 lm/w – 6,360 [Photopic] * 1.96 [S/P]= 12,465 [Pupil Lumens] 150 Watt HPS 90 lm/w- 13,500 [Photopic] * 0.62 [S/P]= 8,370 [Pupil Lumens] VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

13. The most important metric of efficiency is the wattage required to provide the desired light levels. In other words, “Pupil Lumens (Scotopic Lumens)on your street/per watt” is more important than “lumens per watt of the Lamp (Photopic Lumens)”. The basic principle is a high S/P ratio for maximum energy savings. Photopic Lumens * [S/P ratio] = Pupil Lumens VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

14. 150W HPS VS 40W LED = 13,000 X 0.62= 8060 Photopic LumensS/P RatioScotopic Lumens = 4, 010 X 1.96= 7860 Photopic LumensS/P RatioScotopic Lumens 150w HPS 40w LED VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

15. LEDs provide a higher quality of light LED’s provide large energy & CO 2 savings LED technology offers the ultimate solution. No other light source allows you to improve optical performance while reducing energy consumption and maintenance. VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk

16. Whether you’re directing a new lighting project in your city, or developing a private property that requires outdoor lighting, please get in touch, our experienced professionals at VEM Lighting can go over your project specifications and brainstorm whether an LED solution would be cost effective and smart for you. We would be more than happy to provide a free, strategic, and thorough consultation about your needs. Please give us a call, or email us to plan your next steps VEM LED Lighting The Power of Illumination www.viokado.co.uk