1. The Secret World of Hand tools

2. Hand Tool Safety Select the right tool for the job Check tools before use to ensure they have not been damaged Do not use tool which may cause a spark when working with flammable materials Do not throw tools to another worker or on to a finished surface Do not carry tools in your hand when climbing up or down a ladder

3. Continued Return tools to their proper place when not in use Wipe off the tools with a shop rag when you are finished with them (before they go away) Store sharp edged tools separate from others Never ever carry tools in your pocket. Use a tool belt or tool box

4. Socket Wrenches A socket is a cylinder shaped, box-end tool for removing or installing bolts and nuts. One end fits over the fastener. The other end has a square hole that fits on a handle used for turning. Sockets come in different lengths Standard, and deep-well.

5. Socket Drive sizes A socket’s drive size is the size of the square opening for the handle. Sockets come in four drive sizes ¼”, 3/8”, ½”, ¾” If too small of a drive size is used on very large or tight fasteners, the socket or handle can be broken. Too large of a drive may be too awkward for small nuts and bolt heads.

6. Socket Points The most common point sockets are: 6point, 12 point Points are configurations of the box for the bolt head. 6 point are used if a bolt head or nut has rounded corners or excessive resistance to turn. 12 point are used to turn a bolt or nut in tight spots.

7. Socket Handles Socket handles fit into the square opening in the top of the socket. A ratchet is the most commonly used and versatile socket handle. It has a small lever that can be moved for either loosening or tightening bolts.

8. Extensions Extensions are used between a socket and its handle. They allow the handle to be placed farther from the work piece, giving you room to swing the handle and turn the fastener.

9. Wrenches Wrenches are used to install and remove nuts and bolts. Wrench size is determined by measuring across the wrench jaw. Wrenches come in both metric (mm)and imperial (inch) The size is stamped on the side of the wrench

10. Wrench Rules Always select the right size wrench. It must fit snugly. Never hammer on a wrench to break a bolt loose, use a longer wrench. When possible, pull on the wrench, if it slips you are less likely to hurt your hand. Never use a steel bar or pipe to increase the length of a wrench for leverage.

11. #2 Combination open end with ratcheting Box end #3 Open end wrench Used to re/re fasteners Two different sizes on The wrench #1Combination box end wrench (one size) #4 Box end wrench used to re/re fasteners to Different sizes (This one has a 10 deg. Offset) #5 Crowfoot wrench used with a ratchet for accessing tight places #6 Flare nut wrench used for brake line fittings

12. #7 adjustable wrench accommodates standard or metric fasteners #8 Utility pliers not to be used In place of a wrench #9 adjustable or slip jaw pliers Sometimes called water pump pliers #10 locking pliers (vise grips) Used for gripping round stock only #13 Needle nose used for electrical and detail work #12 Diagonal side cutters Used for electrical work Cotter pin re/re #11 Locking pliers used for fabricating and Welding to hold material

13. #14 Flat blade screw driver Used for adjustments or re/re screws #15 Philips head used to re/re screws #16 Torx bit designed for internal type TORX® fasteners used in the automotive and appliance industries. #17 Robertson screwdriver used in wood /electrical applications #18 Nut driver used to re/re fasteners that are hand tightened

14. #22 Flat chisel used for cutting bolt heads also used as a wedge #19 Punch, Pin used for complete the removal of roll pins #20 Punch, Center used to mark metal surface prior to drilling #21Starter Punch used to initiate the removal and installation of roll pins

15. # 23 Hammer, Ball Peen, 12 oz. General hammer use #24 Hammer, Plastic Tip, 24 oz used in the disassembly and assembly of trans. Eng. parts. # 25 Hammer, Dead Blow, Ball Peen, 40 oz. delivering a more powerful blow and dampening vibration. # 26 Universal joint Friction Ball used when the direct angle of a socket is not possible uses regular sockets #27 Deep 6 point socket used for re/re nuts & bolts has a better grip designed for long threaded fasteners

16. #28 Shallow 6 &12 point socket used with a ratchet to re/re fasteners #29 Impact, Shallow, Swivel or flex socket used when a direct angle is not possible #30 Impact shallow used with pneumatic power tools only for re/re fasteners #31 Socket, Drain Plug, 1/2" male square used for removing service plugs #32 Socket, Double Square, 3/8", 8-Point used for removing service plugs #33 Adaptor, 3/8" Internal drive x 1/2" external drive used for adapting different drive sockets

17. #35 Sliding T-Handle, 12“ used for leverage when the handle is slide to the end #36 Breaker Bar (Johnson Bar) Used for mechanical advantage when removing tighten fasteners #37 Ratchet, Sealed Head (High Strength), Standard Handle used in conjunction with sockets to re/re fasteners #38 Speed handle used with a socket for fast removal of fasteners only #34 Extension, 5“ there are different lengths for various applications

18. #39 Gauge, Torque Angle, 3/8" drive Measures Angle of Rotation - Takes Guesswork Out Of Tightening - Easy Read Numbers Indicate Number Of Degrees Fastener Is Turned #40 Torque Extensions sticks They have a certain elasticity and flex that allows them to flex in sync with the blows of the Impact wrench once a certain amount of torque is reached. The flexing at its torque limit prevents the stick from exerting any more force on the nut and over tightening it. #41 Torque Wrench, Click Type, 3/8" drive used to apply a specific torque to a fastener such as a nut or bolt. It is usually in the form of a socket wrench with special internal mechanisms. A torque wrench is used where the tightness of screws and bolts is crucial. It allows the operator to measure the torque applied to the fastener so it can be matched to the specifications for a particular application. This permits proper tension and loading of all parts.torquenut boltsocket wrenchscrewstorquetension loading

19. The simplest form of torque wrench consists of a long lever arm between the handle and the wrench head, made of a material which bends elastically in response to applied torque. A second, smaller bar with integral mechanical indicator is also connected to the head; this is never subjected to torque and thus maintains a constant position with respect to the head. When no torque is applied to the lever arm the indicator rests parallel to the lever arm. A calibrated scale is fitted to the handle so that applied torque, and the associated bending of the main lever, causes the scale to move under the indicator. When the desired torque is reached (as shown by the indicator), the operator stops applying force. This type of wrench is simple, inherently accurate, and inexpensive. developed in the late 1920s/early 1930s by Chrysler Corporation Beam type torque wrench

20. #42Striking pry bar used for prying, lifting or bending items away from each other #43 Valve lapping tool is used to check the location of the valve- to-seat contact area and to smooth the mating surface #44 Valve spring compressors used to re/re engine valves there are different styles on engine and off engine

21. #45 Valve Tappet Feeler used to set solid lifter & rocker arm clearance #46 Feeler gauge used for measuring small spaces such as deck warp and gaps #47 Hack saw used for cutting metal #48 Scraper striking used for removing gasket material or dirt from a (metal surface only ) #49 Pry Bar used for aligning holes or removing seals

22. #1 Air Hammer, Heavy Duty #2Ratchet, Air, Heavy Duty, 1/2" Drive (5-50 ft. lb.) #3 Cut off Tool #4 Grinder Air #5 Blow gun #6 Die Grinder

23. #7 Drill, Air, Reversible. Heavy Duty, 1/2" capacity #8 Impact Wrench, Air, Heavy Duty, 1/2" Drive #9 Sander, Air, Heavy-Duty, Angle, 7" Pad/Disc