1. BONDING TYPES ctnd. What is covalent bonding?
What is metallic bonding?
How do you name or write covalent compounds?

2. BONDING TYPES Ionic  stealing, transfer of electrons
Covalent  sharing of electrons
Metallic  bonds are attractions of floating valence e- to other positively charged cations (Sea of electrons, drifter)
Watch Video: Common Types of Atomic Bonds

3. Ionic or Covalent?
How can I easily determine if a substance is ionic or covalent?
By calculating difference in electronegativity!
Rule of Thumb – Magic Number = 1.67
If the difference is > IONIC
< COVALENT
= % Ionic and 50% Covalent

4. ELECTRONEGATIVITY VALUES

5. EXAMPLES EX. Examine electronegativity between F and Cs
F = 4.0 Cs = .7
| | = 3.3 so …. IONIC COMPOUND
Practice
Ca and Cl Ca = 1.0 Cl = 3.0
Difference is 2.0 so Ionic Compound
S and O S = O = 3.5
Difference is 1 so Covalent Compound

6. COVALENT COMPOUNDS Molecules  neutral group of atoms held together
Molecules  neutral group of atoms held together
by covalent bonds
Molecular/Covalent Compounds  compound whose simplest units are molecules
Low melting/boiling points
Made from two nonmetals
EX. H2O water CO2 carbon monoxide

7. MOLECULES

8. MOLECULAR FORMULA
Molecular Formula  chemical formula of covalent cmpd
Actual number of atoms in each molecule
Does NOT tell us about arrangement of atoms
H2O : 2 atoms of H atom of O
C2H6 : 2 atoms of C
6 atoms of H

9. NAMING MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
DO NOT USE CHARGES!!!!
USE PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES  tells how many atoms of each element are present in each molecule of the compound
How would you name?
CO2 or SO3
Carbon Dioxide
Sulfur Trioxide

10. NAMING MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
If covalent: use prefixes
OMIT the prefix mono- if the first atom is = 1 p.269
ADD suffix to the second element of –ide
SF6 
Cl2O8  
SO3
ICl4 
P2O5
Carbon Tetraiodide
Phosphorus Trichloride
Dinitrogen Trioxide
Br I2 O2
Sulfur Hexafluoride
Dichlorine Octoxygen …. NOT Octa-oxygen
Sulfur Trioxide
Iodine Tetrachloride
Diphosphorus Pentoxide … NOT Penta-oxide
CI4
PCl3
N2O3
Bromine
Iodine
Oxygen