1. Protists and Fungi
Chapter 2 Lessons 1 and 2

2. Protists Protists Very diverse
Eukaryotes that cannot be classified into any other kingdom
Live in moist environments
Very diverse
Unicellular or Multicellular
Heterotrophs or Autotrophs

3. Characteristics of Animal Like Protists
Protozoans (animal-like protists)
Unicellular
Heterotrophs
Many have a contractile vacuole a structure that collects and expels excess water
Four groups of Protozoans
Sarcodines move and feed by forming pseudopods
Temporary bulges of the cell (“false foot”)
Cytoplasm moves towards one location and the rest of the organism follows
Flagellates-move by using whip-like tails
Ciliates-move using cilia
Hair-like projections that beat with a wave-like motion
Parasites-some are flagellates, some are ciliates, some form slime, all live off of one or more hosts

4. Plant-Like Protists Algae (Plant-Like Protists) are very diverse
Autotrophs
Unicellular or Multicellular
Contain many different types of pigments- chemicals that produce colors
Important food source in aquatic ecosystems

5. There are Six Types of Plant-Like Protists
Brown Algae
Have many plant like structures
Red Algae
Most are multicelluar seaweed
Diatoms
Unicellular, glasslike cell walls
Green Algae
Dinoflagellates
Unicellular, armored algae
Euglenoids
Green, unicellular algae,eyespot

6. Fungus-Like Protists Like animals because they are heterotrophs
Like plants because they have cell walls
Reproduce using spores – tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism
Types of Fungus-like protists
Slime Molds
Water Molds and Downy Mildews

7. Quick Check What are plant-like protists called?
Why is sunlight important to plant-like protists?
What are some ways plant-like protists are different from each other?
Are fungus-like protists autotrophic or heterotrophic?
How do fungus-like protists reproduce?

8. Characteristics of Fungi
Heterotrophic eukaryotes with cell walls
Absorb food, and use spores to reproduce
Most fungi have hyphae
Branching tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi
Absorb and transport food
Fungi are typically decomposers or parasites
Hyphae grow into the food then digestive chemicals ooze into the food

9. Characteristics of Fungi
Fungi reproduce using spores
Fruiting bodies are the reproductive structures where spores are produced
Reproduction can be
Asexual
Cells at the tip of the hyphae make spores
Budding-small yeast cell grows from the parent cell
Sexual
Hyphae of two fungi grow together and exchange genetic material

10. Role of Fungi in Nature Decomposers Food Production
Yeast in bread
Mold in blue cheese
Antibiotics-used to kill bacteria
penicillin
Disease Causing
Plants-Corn smut, wheat rust, Dutch elm disease
Animals-Athletes foot, ringworm
Symbiosis
Fungi act as partners with plants to help the plants grow larger
Lichen-partnership between fungus and an algae

11. Quick Check What are characteristics that most fungi share?
What are hyphae?
How do fungi reproduce?
How are fungi used to treat disease?