1. Questions to help you “rock” the upcoming test.

2. When sediments are compacted and cemented together, this type of rock is formed.

3. Any rock exposed to high heat and pressure can change form and turn into this type of rock.

4. Any rock can be mechanically or chemically broken down into pieces called _________________.

5. When magma cools and crystallizes this type of rock forms.

6. When the melting point of the minerals in a rock are reached ______________ will form.

7. A rock formed from cemented pieces of preexisting rock is called a ______________ sedimentary rock.

8. Magma that cools in the ground will form an _________________ igneous rock.

9. When rock is exposed to great pressure the minerals can separate into bands or layers to create a _________________ metamorphic rock.

10. Some rocks form from the minerals in water precipitating (coming together). This type of rock is called a ________________ sedimentary rock.

11. When lava cools at the surface of a volcano or at a mid-ocean ridge, an _________________ igneous rock will form.

12. When a rock forms from the remains of living organisms it is called an organic or _______________ sedimentary rock.

13. When a rock is exposed to high heat and pressure and only one type of mineral is present in the rock, a ______________________ metamorphic rock will generally form.

14. Rock salt is composed of what mineral?

15. Limestone is composed of what mineral?

16. Breccia is different from conglomerate in that breccia contains ________________ fragments.

17. The smallest clastic grain size is _____________.

18. When the sedimentary rock bituminous coal is exposed to heat and pressure it transforms into __________________ coal.

19. Shale first turns into slate because of heat and pressure. The last stage of its metamorphic journey would be as this rock.

20. Limestone can change into this metamorphic rock.

21. A sandy beach can turn into sandstone over time. If convergence occurs at that location, the pressure can form ______________________.

22. Which mineral will melt (or crystallize) at the lowest temperature?

23. Which mineral, containing magnesium and iron, will melt (or crystallize) at the highest temperature?

24. Which igneous contains a lot of quartz and crystallizes at low temperatures?

25. The igneous rocks basalt and ________________ contain a lot of darker minerals such as olivine and pyroxene.

26. If magma containing a lot of quartz cools slowly, the igneous rock _______________ will form.

27. Igneous rocks with a low silica (or quartz) content are called mafic while rocks with a high silica content are called ________________.

28. The term that refers to “trapped gases” within the rock is ____________________.

29. The igneous rock with the fastest cooling rate is known as ____________________.

30. An extrusive, mafic igneous rock making up the surface of the ocean floor is ___________________.

31. Did rhyolite cool quickly or slowly?

32. What igneous rock is this?

33. What was this rock’s cooling rate? (fast or slow)

34. What extrusive igneous rock is this?

35. Gabbro and basalt make up ocean crust. Based on its grain size, would gabbro be found at the surface or on the underside of the crust?

36. This lightweight rock can be found at the surface of many volcanoes.

37. What is the name of this nonfoliated metamorphic rock?

38. Many of you went to Blackrocks on Skyline Drive your freshmen year. What is the name of this nonfoliated metamorphic rock?

39. Gneiss exhibits this metamorphic rock property.

40. This clastic sedimentary rock makes up large portions of the desert southwest of the United States.

41. What is the name of this clastic sedimentary rock that is found all around the Wilson campus?

42. When shale is exposed to heat and pressure the first metamorphic rock it turns into is _________________.

43. What is the name of this clastic sedimentary rock?

44. This sedimentary rock is found throughout the Shenandoah Valley and is responsible for caves.

45. Scoria, typically called lava rock, is what type of rock?

46. Which of the 3 types of rocks would be formed in the situation above?

47. Which of the 3 types of rocks forms at the edges of the magma?

48. Which of the 3 types of rocks will form at each of the labeled positions above?