1. Types of Control I. Measurement Control III. Experimental Control II. Statistical Control (Reliability and Validity) (Internal Validity) (External Validity)

2. I The Vocabulary of Sampling Statistical Control - Sampling II Types of Samples III Determining Sample Size

3. I. The Vocabulary of Sampling Statistical Control- Sampling A. The Universe(The Theoretical Concept) B. The Population(The Indicator Concept) C. The Sampling Frame(The Operational Procedure) D. The Sample(The Observational Set)

4. Statistical Control- Sampling II. Types of Samples A. Non-Probability B. Probability

5. Statistical Control- Sampling II. Types of Samples A. Non-Probability 1. Convenience Sampling 2. Referral Sampling 3. Quota Sampling (Good for Exploratory Research)

6. Statistical Control- Sampling II. Types of Samples B. Probability 1. Simple Random Sample 2. Systematic Random Sample 3. Stratified Random Sample 4. Cluster or Area Sample (Good for Explanatory Research)

7. IV. Sample Size Statistical Control- Sampling A. Error in Prediction (Three Components) B. Confidence Level C. Variability in Population

8. Determining Sample Size Observe now the three parentheses that define N: 1) our confidence level (z); 2) the population variance; and 3) the margin of error. Consider the confidence interval Solving for the sample size N we get IfThen