1. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Writing Across the Curriculum Chapter 9 This multimedia product and its content are protected under copyright law. The following are prohibited by law: Any public performance or display, including transmission of any image over a network; Preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or in part, of any images; Any rental, lease, or lending of the program.

2. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Frame of Mind Why emphasize writing to learn in content areas? Why integrate writing and reading? How might teachers create occasions for students to write to read and to read to write? How can teachers use exploratory writing activities to motivate students to read and write?

3. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Frame of Mind How can teachers use journals to connect writing and reading? How can teachers develop essay writing through RAFT activities? Why and how do teachers guide the writing process?

4. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Key Terms Academic journals Admit slips Audience Biopoems Double-entry journals Exit slips Freewriting Historical character writing Learning logs RAFT writing assignments Sketch books Unsent letters

5. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Reading and Writing Processes Composing Exploring Motivating Clarifying

6. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Writing to Learn Activities Unsent Letters Biopoems Dialogues Admit Slips and Exit Slips Microthemes POVGs

7. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Biopoem Example Line 1: First name Line 2: Four traits that describe character Line 3: Relative of __________ Line 4: Who feels __________ (three items) Line 5: Who needs __________(three items) Line 6: Who gives ___________(three items) Line 7: Last name

8. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Admit Slips and Exit Slips What’s confusing you about __________? What problems did you have with your text assignment? What would you like to get off your chest? What do you like (dislike) about _________?

9. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Journal Writing Response journals Historical character journals Sketchbooks in art Math journals Freewriting response journals Double-entry journals (DEJs) Learning logs

10. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Double-Entry Journal Sample “What is the solar system?” It is nine planets, along with asteroid belts, starts, black holes, and so on. “What does it mean to you?” The solar system is a mystery to me. I know the planets and stuff, but how did it come into being? Galileo had something to do with the solar system, but I’m not sure exactly what. I would like to find out more about it.

11. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Essays are effective writing-to-learn tools when… content exploration and synthesis, not form and organization, become the primary motives for the writing assignment. writing involves reading more than a single text source. students engage in the writing process.

12. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 RAFT Writing Assignments Role Audience Form Topic

13. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Stages in the Writing Process Discovery Exploring and generating ideas Finding a topic Making plans (Audience? Form? Voice?) Getting started

14. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Stages in the Writing Process Drafting Getting ideas down on paper Sticking to the task Developing fluency and coherence

15. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Stages in the Writing Process Revising Revising for meaning Responding to the writing Organizing for clarity Editing and proofreading for the conventions of writing, word choice, and syntax Polishing

16. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2011 Evaluating a Writing Activity Accurate content in support of a position statement. A logical and coherent set of ideas in support of a position statement. A convincing and persuasive position statement aimed at a specific audience.