1. FERTILIZER and ORGANIC AMENDMENT
Tariq Mahmood
2008-ag-1586

2. What we discuss? Introduction and Definition Brief history
Why we use it?
Organic amendments
Soil condition of Pakistan
Need of fertilizers
Different synthetic fertilizers in Pakistan
Different organic fertilizers in Pakistan
What we do?

3. Introduction
The term fertilizer refers to any substance, which supply one or more of the mineral element essential for plant growth.

4. Definition
Fertilizer is any organic or inorganic material of natural or synthetic origin that is added to a soil to supply one or more plant nutrients essential to the growth of plants. Organic fertilizer Inorganic fertilizer

5. Conti…
A recent assessment found that about 40 to 60% of crop yields are attributable to commercial fertilizer use.

6. History
In Neolithic (New Stone Age, beginning about 9500 BC)man probably used fertilizers. The first fertilizer produced by chemical processes was ordinary super phosphate made early in the 19th century.

7. Conti…
The Potash fertilizer industry started in Germany in The first synthetic Nitrogen fertilizer was calcium nitrate, made in 1903 The synthetic ammonia available after 1913

8. Why we use fertilizer?
Agricultural scientist Carl Sprengel 200 years ago Plants need sunlight water minerals

9. Conti…
In 1828, 12 nutrients So, we use fertilizers for Good yield Replace the nutrients Fertility status of soils

10. Organic amendment
Amendment means An improved change made to a previous status soil amendment Two broad categories organic inorganic.

11. Conti…
Organic amendments come from something that is or was alive. e.g. straw, compost, manure. Inorganic amendments, are either mined or man-made. e.g. tire chunks, gravel and sand.

12. Conti…
Organic amendments increase soil organic matter content and offer many benefits. Soil aeration, water infiltration, water and nutrient-holding capacity. Organic matter also is an important energy source for bacteria, fungi and earthworms that live in the soil.

13. Soil condition (www.pakissan.com)
In Pakistan, the soils are very poor in organic matter. A soil having 1.29 % C is considered to be sufficient in organic matter, it is reported that the range of soil carbon in Pakistan soils is 0.52 to 1.38% in different soil series. Most of them have less than 1%.

14. Reasons Parent material and Climatic Conditions Intensive Tillage
Inorganic farming
Improper Use of synthetic Fertilizers

15. Need
Increased Population Food problems Small land holdings Increase yield Fertility status

16. Conti… Now a days More use of synthetic fertilizer, demerits
Less use of organic fertilizer, merits

17. Synthetic fertilizer (www.engro.com)
Engro urea
46% N
pH value of 6.8

18. Conti… Engro DAP 46% P2O5 18 % N More than 90 % of
Phosphorus is soluble
pH value of 7.33

19. Conti…
Engro Zorawar is one of the highest grade phosphatic fertilizers
52% P205
11% N
2% sulphur
1% calcium
acidic in reaction {pH = 3.5}

20. Conti…
Zarkhez
homogenously granulated
fertilizer
08% N
23% P2O5
18% K

21. Conti…
Zingro (Danedar), Zingro is a zinc fertilizer It is 99.9 % soluble In water.
Chemically it is
a zinc sulphate
Minimum 33% zinc

22. Organic fertilizer Farmyard manure Poultry manure Crop residues
Green manure
Slaughter house waste
Compost
Biogas compost

23. Conclusion Our Responsibility is: Awareness among farmers
Yield Enhancement in relation to fertilizer
Balance use of fertilizer
Organic farming

24. For Being With Me During My Presentation