1. BIOCHEMISTRY

2. Aim: How is chemistry related to the growth and survival of living things?
Do now: Write the name of two substances living things need to survive in their environment.
Vocabulary: living things , elements, atom, compounds

3. CHEMISTRY OF LIFE
Elements: simplest form of a substance - cannot be broken down any further without changing what it is
Atom: the actual basic unit - composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons

4. THE ATOM
Just like cells are the basic unit of life, the ATOM is the basic unit of matter.
They are very small. If placed side by side one million would stretch a distance of 1cm.
The atom is made up of 3 particles.
Particle
Charge
PROTON +
NEUTRON
NEUTRAL
ELECTRON -

5. ATOMIC MASS = 4 (PROTONS & NEUTRONS)
Electrons are not present within the atom, instead THEY REVOLVE AROUND THE NUCELUS OF THE ATOM & FORM THE ELECTRON CLOUD
Draw a helium atom. Indicate where the protons, neutrons and electrons are.
NEUTRONS
PROTONS -
ATOMIC # = 2 (PROTONS)
ATOMIC MASS = 4 (PROTONS & NEUTRONS) + +
ELECTRONS -

6. ISOTOPES
atoms of the same element that HAVE A DIFFERENT NUMBER OF NEUTRONS
Some isotopes are radioactive. This means that their nuclei is unstable and will break down at a CONSTANT RATE over time.
There are several practical uses for radioactive isotopes:
CARBON DATING
TRACERS
KILL BACTERIA / CANCER CELLS

7. COMPOUNDS
a substance formed by the chemical combination of 2 or more elements in definite proportions
Ex: water, salt, glucose, carbon dioxide
H20
CO2
NaCl

8. The cell is a COMPLEX CHEMICAL FACTORY containing some of the same elements found in the nonliving environment.
carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), and nitrogen (N) are present in the greatest percentages