1. Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Chapter 1 Critical Thinking and the Nursing Process

2. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Critical Thinking The Use of Those Cognitive Skills or Strategies That Increase the Probability of a Desirable Outcome

3. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Other Terms  Reasoning  Reflection  Common Sense  Problem Solving  Analysis  Inquiry

4. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Critical Thinking Attitudes  Intellectual Humility  Intellectual Courage  Intellectual Empathy  Intellectual Integrity  Intellectual Perseverance  Faith in Reason  Intellectual Sense of Justice

5. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Which Are Good Sources of Information?  Nursing Textbook  www.diabetes.about.com www.diabetes.about.com  www.nlm.nih.gov www.nlm.nih.gov  Nursing Journal  Medical Journal  Ladies’ Home Journal

6. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Problem Solving 1. Gather Data 2. Identify Problem 3. Determine Outcomes 4. Plan 5. Implement Plan of Care 6. Evaluate Care

7. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Vigilance The Act of Being Attentive, Alert, and Watchful

8. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Nursing Process  Assess  Diagnose  Plan  Implement  Evaluate

9. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition LPN Nursing Process Role  Collect Data  Collaborate with RN to  Formulate Nursing Diagnoses  Determine Outcomes, Plan Care  Implement Interventions  Assist in Evaluation

10. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Subjective Data Collection  Chief Complaint  WHAT’S UP?  Health History  Personal Habits  Family Role/Support Systems  Cultural/Spiritual Beliefs

11. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition WHAT’S UP?  W – Where Is it?  H – How Does It Feel?  A – Aggravating and Alleviating Factors  T – Timing  S – Severity  U – Useful Other Data  P – Patient’s Perception of Problem

12. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Data Collection  Objective Data  Inspect  Palpate  Percuss  Auscultate

13. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Auscultation

14. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Subjective or Objective?  Left Leg Lesion 2 X 3 cm  “I Feel Nauseated”  Patient Complains of Chest Pain  Heart Rate 72 Beats per Minute

15. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Documentation  Accurate  Concise  Objective

16. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Diagnosis  Nursing  Medical  Collaborative

17. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Nursing Diagnosis  Problem  Etiology  Signs and Symptoms

18. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Plan of Care  Prioritize Diagnoses  Develop Outcomes  Identify Interventions  Prioritize Actions

19. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs

20. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Outcomes  Measurable  Realistic  Include Time Frame

21. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Interventions  Goal Directed  Take  Treat  Teach

22. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Implementation  Communication  Implementation  Documentation

23. Copyright © 2011. F.A. Davis Company Linda S. Williams / Paula D. Hopper Understanding Medical Surgical Nursing, 4th Edition Evaluation  Was Outcome Met?  Did Interventions Work?  Is Revision Needed?