1. Transtheoretical Model: Stages of Change Theory

2. Behavior Change Changing behavior is difficult Examples?

3. Change Theory In Stages of Change Theory, motivation or influence to change originates in a single person Behavior modification occurs in stages, over time These stages describe an individual’s attitude toward the change

4. Stage One: Precontemplation Represents those individuals who have no desire to change behaviors in immediate future Some in this stage are unaware of behavior Some aware of behavior consequences but continue anyway o Rationalizing makes sense o Previous failures at behavior modification

5. Precontemplation: The Four R’s Reluctance o Not fully conscious of behavior’s impact Rebellion o Resistant to being told to behave differently o May be due to prolonged fears o Adolescence Resignation o Overwhelmed by thought of change o Previous unsuccessful attempts may contribute Rationalization o Excuses

6. Stage Two: Contemplation Individual is aware of the desired behavior o Benefits o Barriers (finances, time, support) Intent to change behavior within six months o Six-month term based upon behavior modification research Change planned based on interpretation of benefits and barriers Research begins

7. Stage Three: Preparation Serious consideration of behavior change within 30 days Continued research Strategies for change created Previous attempts to change may have occurred (smoking cessation for a week, e.g.) The individual is most ready for change at this stage

8. Stage Four: Action A distinct change in behavior occurs o Change is consistent o Visible o Receives the most recognition Requires the greatest commitment Relapse common in this stage

9. Stage Five: Maintenance Should be at least six months after the behavior change, may last for years o The changed behavior will dictate amount of time needed in this stage Major changes will probably require more time Minor changes will probably require less time Individual’s self-efficacy is highest at this stage

10. Stage Six: Termination Behavior change has been permanently adopted 100% self-efficacy No temptation to relapse Often, a more realistic goal is permanent maintenance o Termination difficult or impossible to achieve

11. Can You Identify the Stage? Steve wants to meet more people, so he enrolls in a travel class. Class begins next week Natty began an exercise program three months ago and continues to attend

12. Can You Identify the Stage? Tatiana is told by her family she consumes too much alcohol, but she doesn’t feel there is a problem Mark wants to reduce his negative stress. He investigates possible therapists through his insurance company and has begun to research stress on the internet.

13. Stage Model: Applied to You Changes you acknowledge you need/want Changes you are undergoing Changes you have made Changes you do not yet know about