1. Prehistoric and Classic Astronomy

2. Warm Up Questions CPS Questions (1-2)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

3. Chapter Overview Prehistoric and Classical Astronomy
Astronomy and the Renaissance
The Enlightenment and Modern Astronomy
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

4. Greek Earth-Centered Model Ptolemy’s Model
Lesson Overview
Celestial Sphere
Greek Earth-Centered Model
Ptolemy’s Model
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

5. (Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS)
Quick Write
What does Eratosthenes’ experience in measuring the Earth tell you about what’s needed for scientific discoveries?
(Note to teacher: Use “Pick a Student” button in CPS)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

6. The Celestial Sphere
Celestial sphere refers to an imaginary sphere of heavenly objects that seems to center on the observer
North Celestial Pole
South Celestial Pole
Constellation
Courtesy of NOAO/AURA/ASF
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

7. The Celestial Sphere
It takes the Sun about days to revolve around the celestial sphere
The ecliptic is the name for the Sun’s apparent path among the stars around the Earth
The zodiac is the group of constellations the Sun passes through on its apparent path along the ecliptic
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

8. The Moon’s Phases The Moon does orbit the Earth
Earth’s gravity holds the Moon in such a firm grip that it always keeps the same face turned toward the Earth
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

9. The Moon’s Phases
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
© J. Gatherum/ShutterStock, Inc.

10. Observing Planetary Motion
Retrograde Motion
Planets move in elliptical, not circular orbits
Revolve around the Sun, not Earth
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

11. The Greek Earth-Centered Model
Thales of Mileus
Stars are not gods
Pythagoras
Spherical Earth
Aristotle – 322 BC
Placed the Earth at the center of things
Parallax is the apparent shifting of nearby objects with respect to distant ones as the position of the observer changes
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

12. Ptolemy’s Model Claudius Ptolemy – AD 150
Ptolemy believed that heavenly bodies (planets and stars) were perfect, in contrast to earthbound objects
The universe was based on perfect circles
An epicycle is the circular orbit of a planet, the center of which revolves around the Earth in another circle
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

13. Evaluating Ptolemy’s Model
Strengths
Fits evidence available during his lifetime
Includes testable predictions
Weaknesses
Assumed that Earth was stationary
Theory of epicycles was a departure from simplicity and symmetry
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

14. Learning Check CPS Questions (3-4)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

15. Activity 1: Astronomy Crossword
Use your textbook to identify the terms and people of prehistoric and classical astronomy to complete the crossword puzzle.
Refer to pages 6-18 in the textbook.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

16. Activity 2: Testing Parallax
Follow the step-by-step directions on your worksheet in order to test the concept of parallax.
Then answer the questions about parallax on the worksheet.
Be prepared to share your answers with the class.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

17. Activity 3: The Moon’s Phases
Work with your team to complete your worksheet on the Moon’s phases.
You may refer to page 13 in the textbook.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

18. Technology Enrichment: Sky Maps & Constellations
Using the website link provided, download this month’s version and last month’s version of the Evening Sky Map for your geographic location.
Follow the steps and answer the questions on the worksheet. You may refer to pages 9-10 in your textbook.
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

19. Review
Celestial sphere refers to an imaginary sphere of heavenly objects that seems to center on the observer
Earth’s gravity holds the Moon in such a firm grip that it always keeps the same face turned toward the Earth
The ancient Greeks looked for symmetry, order, and unity in the cosmos
Thales of Miletus reasoned that the Sun and other stars were not gods but balls of fire
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

20. Review, cont. Pythagoras proposed that the Earth is spherical
Aristotle placed the Earth at the center of things
The Greek model of the universe that won the widest acceptance was that of Claudius Ptolemy; for 1,300 years, his model was the conventional wisdom of the scientific world
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

21. Review Questions CPS Questions (5-6)
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

22. Summary The Celestial Sphere Greek Earth-Centered Models
Ptolemy’s Model
Chapter 1, Lesson 1

23. Next… Done – Prehistoric and Classical Astronomy
Next – Astronomy and the Renaissance
Chapter 1, Lesson 1
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