1. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 Cloud Framework and Requirements for Desktop as a Service Myeong-Hoon Oh, Senior Member, ETRI mhoonoh@etri.re.kr ITU Workshop on “Cloud Computing Standards – Today and the Future” (Geneva, Switzerland 14 November 2014)

2. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 2 Contents Cloud Computing Requirements for high-level Based on Recommendation of Y.3501(Cloud computing framework and high-level requirements) Cloud Computing Requirements for Desktop as a Service Based on Recommendation of Y.3503 (Requirements for Desktop as a Service)

3. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 3 Contents Cloud Computing Requirements for high-level Based on Recommendation of Y.3501(Cloud computing framework and high-level requirements) Cloud Computing Requirements for Desktop as a Service Based on Recommendation of Y.3503 (Requirements for Desktop as a Service)

4. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 4 Scope of Y.3501 Provides a cloud computing framework by addressing high-level requirements and use cases for Cloud computing Infrastructure as a service (IaaS) Network as a service (NaaS) Desktop as a service (DaaS) Inter-cloud End-to-end cloud resource management Cloud infrastructure

5. Development Methodology of Y.3501 Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 5 Use-case- driven approach for requirements One use case may derive multiple requirements Future edition of Y.3501 A new edition will include new use cases and requirements

6. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 6 Use Cases in Y.3501 DomainsUse cases Generic use case – General CSC-CSP-CSN use case – Use case publish service – Use case consult service – Use case use service IaaSIaaS general use case NaaSNaaS general use case DaaSDaaS general use case Inter-cloud – Inter-cloud use case for federation – Inter-cloud use case for intermediation Cloud resource management End-to-end cloud service resource management use case Cloud infrastructureCloud infrastructure use case

7. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 7 General Requirements for cloud computing in Y.3501 Cloud computing Use casesRequirements Publish service, Use serviceService life-cycle management Publish service, Consult service Use service Regulatory aspects Publish service, Consult service Use service Security Publish service, Consult service Use service Accounting and charging Publish serviceEfficient service deployment Consult service, Use serviceInteroperability Publish service, Use servicePortability Publish service, Consult service Use service Service access Publish service, Consult service Use service Service availability, service reliability and quality assurance

8. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 8 General Requirements for cloud computing in Y.3501 IaaS Use casesRequirements IaaS general use case Configuration, deployment and maintenance of resources Use and monitoring of resources NaaS Use casesRequirements NaaS general use case On-demand network configuration Secure connectivity QoS-guaranteed connectivity Heterogeneous networks compatibility DaaS Use casesRequirements DaaS general use case Configurability of the virtual environment Fast boot-up time Quality of experience Single sign-on access control

9. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 9 General Requirements for cloud computing in Y.3501 Cloud Infrastructure Use casesRequirements Cloud infrastruct ure use case Resource abstraction and control Resource provisioning End-to-End Resource Management Use casesRequirements End-to-end cloud resource manageme nt use case Manageability for a single cloud service Manageability for multiple cloud services Inter-Cloud Use casesRequirements Federation, Intermediation On-demand assignment of cloud computing resources among CSPs IntermediationInter-cloud service intermediation FederationUser environment adaptation Resource and load distribution Large-scale migration

10. Edition plan for Y.3501 Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 10 Scope Edition 1 Edition2 General requirements for cloud computing O Extended General requirements for architecture O General requirements for NaaS O Extended General requirements for IaaS O Extended General requirements for PaaS O General requirements for SaaS/CaaS O General requirements for DaaS O Extended General requirements for Inter-cloud O Extended General requirements for end-to-end cloud resource management O Extended General requirements for cloud infrastructure O Extended Others general requirements O Security consideration O Extended Use case Generic use cases O Extended NaaS general use case O Extended IaaS general use case O Extended PaaS general use case O SaaS/CaaS general use case O DaaS general use case O Extended Inter-cloud general use case O Extended End-to-end cloud resource management use case O Extended Cloud infrastructure use case O Extended Other use cases O NOTE – The mark "O" indicates initial requirements and use cases are prepared, "extended" indicates additional requirements and use cases will be provided.

11. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 11 Contents Cloud Computing Requirements for high-level Based on Recommendation of Y.3501(Cloud computing framework and high-level requirements) Cloud Computing Requirements for Desktop as a Service Based on Recommendation of Y.3503 (Requirements for Desktop as a Service)

12. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 12 Summary of Y.3503 As one of cloud computing service categories, desktop as a service (DaaS) provides cloud service customers with desktop functions remotely delivered by cloud service providers. Recommendation ITU-T Y.3503 introduces the concept of DaaS, and describes general and functional requirements. To derive those requirements, relevant use cases are also presented.

13. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 13 Virtual desktop is an environment for accessing end user's desktop functions remotely. DaaS is defined as a cloud service category in which the capabilities provided to the cloud service customer are the ability to build, configure, manage, store, execute and deliver users' desktop functions remotely. Concept of DaaS

14. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 14 DaaS client A physical device and associate software running on the device that enables a user to access DaaS Connection manager Responsible for connecting a user to suitable virtual desktop Providing user authentication, assignment of a virtual desktop, and coordination of a delivery protocol General Configuration for DaaS (1) CSC CSP

15. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 15 Resource pool An abstraction of software resource such as OS, application and user profiles. Can provide provisioning information of software resources to Connection manager Virtualization infrastructure support H/W and S/W resources and create virtual resources Virtual desktop delivery transfer a virtual desktop to remote DaaS client through the network Provides the communication channels between the DaaS client and DaaS platform General Configuration for DaaS (2)

16. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 16 General requirements Totally 13 was identified Four from Y.3501 Functional requirements Totally 39 was extracted 16 for operation and management 9 for DaaS platform-side 5 for DaaS client-side 7 for DaaS platform-DaaS client interaction 2 for DaaS security DaaS requirement in Y.3503

17. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 17 General Requirements in Y.3503 RequirementsKey words Quality of experience Acceptable user experience Fast boot-up time Virtual desktop booting time Configurability of the virtual environment Configuring ability of CPU, memory, storage, etc Single sign-on access control Security functionality with SSO Extensible storage Storage extension Response timeAcceptable QoE RequirementsKey words High availabilityHA regarding delivery and operation of DaaS Resiliency to disaster Recovery from disaster Service continuity Preserving stats of the use session System scalability Elastic scalability of DaaS resources DaaS developer environment Developing environment Diversity of DaaS client Wide selection of DaaS client

18. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 18 Functional Requirements – Operation & Management in Y.3503 (1) RequirementsKey words Unified management interface Deploying, configuring, managing, and monitoring the DaaS User account provisioning Provisioning various types of accounts Virtual desktop lifecycle management life cycle management of virtual desktop User profile management manage the user profile information RequirementsKey words Server-side platform hardware resource maintenance servers, storage, network Service-related resource maintenance Service supporting applications Status monitoringstatus of virtualized resource be monitored System load monitoring monitoring the system load

19. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 19 Functional Requirements – Operation & Management in Y.3503 (2) RequirementsKey words Automated scriptable management interface consistent scripting interface Accounting and charging Accounting information, charging scheme Managing and operating pre- configured environments environmental files such as images of OS and applications, user data Monitoring and controlling DaaS Monitor and control DaaS platform RequirementsKey words DaaS client capability making use of any available DaaS client capability on the CSC’s device User log management the connection log information

20. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 20 Functional Requirements – DaaS Platform-side in Y.3503 RequirementsKey words Maintaining DaaS user status reconnecting to virtual desktop in the same state Optimised adaptation for content type DaaS client be optimised for the content type Isolation between virtual desktop functions virtual desktop functions of one CSC impacted by other CSC Graphic processing acceleration support acceleration of graphic processing Server-side rendering local desktop be composed and rendered on the host RequirementsKey words Standard video codec support standard codecs Progressive encoding support use progressive encoding CSC environment backup backup and restore the allocated virtual machines Standard audio encoder support standard audio encoder

21. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 21 Functional Requirements – DaaS Client-side in Y.3503 RequirementsKey words Resource requestCSC be capable of configuring the system resources Support of DaaS client peripherals DaaS client peripherals Video decoder support standard codecs RequirementsKey words Standard audio decoder support standard audio decoder Synchronization between DaaS client and DaaS platform synchronization of DaaS user state

22. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 22 Functional Requirements – DaaS Platform-DaaS Client Interaction in Y.3503 RequirementsKey words Dynamic configuration adaptation dynamically determine its access network types and adapt its configuration Standard transport protocol support standard transport protocols High latency environment Forward Error Correction loss-tolerant transport Fall-back to alternative transport fall-back from UDP to TCP RequirementsKey words DaaS client reconnection DaaS client send a reconnection request Display redirection the CSP redirect display to a CSC immediately Hybrid resource configuration various combinations of resource configuration between a DaaS client and a DaaS platform

23. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 23 Functional Requirements – DaaS Security in Y.3503 RequirementsKey words Standard security protocols support Standard security protocols Network separationPolicy bases separation between client local network, DaaS network, and public network.

24. Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 24 DaaS Use Cases in Y.3503 Office automation of development-oriented enterprise Customer service call centre Scenario of DaaS user Local resource usage Service continuation for DaaS Home application using DaaS Charging scheme for DaaS

25. Conclusions In Y.3501 Identified general requirements for cloud computing, IaaS, NaaS, DaaS, inter-cloud, e2e resource management, and cloud infrastructure Next edition will include more extended requirements and new requirements for use cases of existing and new domains, respectively. In Y.3503 Suggested DaaS concept and general configurations Based on several relevant use cases, DaaS specific general and functional requirements have been derived. Next edition (Y.DaaS-arch) is under development and will cover identification of DaaS functionalities and relationship between DaaS and cloud computing reference architecture in Y.3502 Geneva, Switzerland, 14 November 2014 25