1. URBAN DESIGN STANDARDS RESIDENTIAL AREAS
Residential design with the concept of community at its centre amounts to design of that urban fabric in which people live and grow.
The most commonly applied unit for such community is the neighbourhood.
A neighbourhood should cater for every category of its inhabitants: child to the elderly

2. Elements of a neighbourhood
The objective of a neighbourhood arrangement is to enable the combination of family units (if desired) into a community that has definite social contacts and recognizable physical unity.
A neighbourhood is a spontaneous social grouping…thus it cannot be created by the urban designer….the designer only provides the necessary physical needs

3. Elements of neighbourhood (cont’d)
Dwellings: refer to houses of all kinds and sizes.
Open Space: for air circulation; for light; and garden space.
Social services: shopping centre, school; indoor communal facilities; outdoor recreation e.t.c.
All the above have to be well related and accessible to each other.

4. Neighbourhood size and Density
Size refers to both numbers and area.
Aristotle noted that 10 is too few to form a city, while 100,000 are too able….there is no optimum population figure for a neighbourhood.
Whichever way, the number must be able to support nursery and infant schools

5. Neighbourhood Structures (Basic Design Elements)
Street patterns
Land division (blocks)
Planned open spaces
Public facilities: shopping and school
Housing groups
Clusters

6. Design Standards Access Plot morphology Circulation and parking
Massing
Orientation
Dwellings