1. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 1 Corporate Social Responsibility: the role of Private-Public Partnership Giovanna Bottani I-CSR Foundation Senior Researcher Fifth Annual Forum on Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in a Global Economy

2. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 2 The Foundation Founded by Financial act in 2005 - Art.1, paragraph 160 The Italian Centre for Social Responsibility (I-CSR) is an independent think tank established by the Italian Government with the following promoting founders: Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs; INAIL (Italian Workers' Compensation Authority); Unioncamere (Italian Union of Chambers of Commerce); Bocconi University. I-CSR aims at: Promoting the diffusion of social responsibility in the relationships with the different stakeholders; Developing basic and applied research on social responsibility to support Italy's contributions to the national and international scientific communities working on this theme; Fostering the dialogue between public and private institutions, businesses, universities and various stakeholders interested in social responsibility.

3. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 3 The research and its major targets To study the trend of research the new social partnership, that is spreading throughout Europe and more recently across Italy ; To verify and compare partnerships processes in Italy; To contribute to the spread of the new social partnership as a possible tool for the implementation of CSR.

4. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 4 Methodology The methodology is composed of three steps Documental Analysis Focus on the PPP phenomenon in Europe and in Italy. Definition of: the new social partnership The new social partnership of Simon Zadek as role model. Facts Analysis Selection of the Italian companies that communicated through Sustainable Development Reports their engagement in partnerships with public administrations and civil society in the last two years ( 58 SD Reports out of 115 were regarded as useful ) On line form to the 22 companies supporting the research Direct interviews with MNEs operating in Italy On line form to the local authorities of the 106 Italian provinces and of the 15 metropolis

5. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 5 Multisector formal agreement that combines synergically resources and skills in order to reach a social common goal whose benefits fall back on the partners and their Stakeholders. For multisector agreement we mean an agreement among the Public Sector, Companies and Civil Society. For synergic combination of resources and skills we mean the union of partners' abilities and tools that are merged together in order to reach a common goal. What is a Partnership: our definition

6. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 6 Allianz ABB Banca Credito Cooperativo del Garda Banca Credito Cooperativo Ravennate e Imolese Banca Credito Cooperativo di Roma Banca Etica Banca Popolare di Milano Interviewed companies Edison Eni Gruppo Hera Intesa San Paolo Italcementi Microsoft Monte dei Paschi di Siena Snamretegas Telecom

7. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 7 Details of interviewed companies Who answered the on-line survey Economic Sector Dimension Location CSR Manager 55% Other 22% HR Manager 6% Corporate Communication 17% Insurance 5% Services 5% Banks 48% Utility 16% Large Scale Retail trade 5% Industry 21% Above 250 Employees 84% Up to 50 Employees 0% From 50 to 250 Employees 16% North 68% South 0% Centre 32%

8. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 8 Reasons why companies start a partnership Strategic choice more than answers to particular requests 59% 35% 84% 100% 16% External Stakeholders Internal Stakeholders Socio-economic critical states CSR Strategy Negative externalities

9. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 9 Stakeholders involved in the process … The shareholders too… ExternalInternal Others 7% Universities 11% Clients 4% Public Administration 28% Non Profit 25% Civil Society 25% 25% Management 58% Employees 15% Shareholders 27%

10. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 10 Why the Public sector? Know-how and better understanding of local issues 32% 58% 63% 84% 89% Better understanding of local criticalities Credibility Better local efficacy Multisectorial approach To respond to stakeholders' expectations Network New Skills

11. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 11 Why the Third Sector ? Stakeholder Expectations + Know-how and better understanding of local issues 42% 53% 84% 58% 79% 63% 79% Better understanding of local criticalities Credibility Better local efficacy Multisectorial approach To respond to stakeholders' expectations Network New Skills

12. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 12 Who is the driver ? Diffused balance among the partners Public sector 32% Company 36% Third Sector 32%

13. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 13 Partnerships process Planning Economic ResourcesIMPLEMFollow-up Know How Infrastructure Partners' contributions 0%20%40%60%80%100% Planning Implementation Monitoring Economic Resources Know How Infrastructures P.A.CompanyThird Sector

14. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 14 Problems and solutions The cited solutions are: Planning, dialogue, knowledges improvement, pilot projects and medium-long term relations (68%). Recurrent problems: 32% 53% 21% 16% 5% 32% Lack of Communication Organizational problems Planning's problems Unsuited economic resources Difficult social and economic context Political issues Differences of approach

15. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 15 Results: Internal Stakeholders Better work atmosphere among the company staff, employees retention, access to more complete pieces of information. 89% 53% 11% 47% Human capital's improvement Organizational improvement Better access to economic resources Access to others' knowledge Brand improvement

16. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 16 External stakeholders Economic, social and cultural development, accompanied by a general improvement in the quality of business products and services 5% 47% 68% 74% 95% 42% 58% 32% 63% 21% 53% 84% Local economic development Improvement in job offers Improvement in the infrastructural supply Improvements in companies' services Improvements in medical services Improvement in the educational offers Improvement in the quality of life Improvement in the environmental quality Improvement in the social dialogue Cultural promotion Promotion in research and development Other

17. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 17 The process Better social awareness: partnerships seem to catch up with the goals but they do not go further 42% 63% 79% Better efficiency Better effectiveness Stronger social awareness

18. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 18 The public partner Difficulties and obstacles to a full comprehension of the issue : Indifference toward the CSR theme (7 answers out of the 605 council departments we contacted ) Difficulties of communication : words such as public, or private some times are not clear and do not have the same meaning for every subject Internal Communication: there is no dialogue among the different council departments and information sharing. Lack in coordination There is not a common negotiating table !

19. Fondazione per la Diffusione della Responsabilità Sociale delle Imprese (I-CSR) 19 Conclusions: The keys of success Understand contexts: Detailed analysis, map of the key issues determining the roles of the different constituencies. Common purpose: The individual goals should be turned into a common scope toward which all the partners devote their resources Synergy among partners: Individual skills and capacities should become tools to meet partnerships scope Governance: Based on the evaluation of the context + bidirectional communication + common language; Duties and rights based on the different roles Qualitative and quantitative measurement and evaluation of the results