1. Equipments Design Production of Synthesis Gas from Natural Gas by Steam Reforming Supervised By: Prof. Mohamed A. Fahim Eng. Yusuf Ismail Ali Presented By: Latifa AL-Qabandi

2. Agenda Stripper Design. Stripper Design. (Packed Column) (Packed Column) Heat Exchangers Design. Heat Exchangers Design. (coolers & heater) (coolers & heater) Compressor Design. Compressor Design. Valve Design. Valve Design.

3. Packed Stripper Design Stripping is a physical separation process where one or more components are removed from a liquid stream by a vapor stream. Stripping is a physical separation process where one or more components are removed from a liquid stream by a vapor stream.separation processseparation process There are many different types of packing used and each one has advantages and disadvantages. There are many different types of packing used and each one has advantages and disadvantages. More common packing materials are metal and plastic Pall rings, metal Michael Bialecki rings, and ceramic Intalox saddles. More common packing materials are metal and plastic Pall rings, metal Michael Bialecki rings, and ceramic Intalox saddles.

4. Procedure: Procedure: - Estimate the slope m from equilibrium data of process. - Calculate the amount mGm/Lm, and y1/y2 to determine N OG from figure. - assuming 38mm and 1.5 ceramic intalox saddles. - calculate Flow of liquid vapor: - Design for pressure drop 125mmH2O/m packing and get K 4 from the figure. 125mmH2O/m packing and get K 4 from the figure.

5. Calculate percentage flooding = (K4 / K4 @flooding )^.5 *100 Calculate percentage flooding = (K4 / K4 @flooding )^.5 *100 Calculate gas mass flow rate per unit column cross sectional area. Calculate gas mass flow rate per unit column cross sectional area. calculate column area required in m² = gas flow rate /Vw* calculate column area required in m² = gas flow rate /Vw* calculate diameter and round of dimeter and approximate area: calculate diameter and round of dimeter and approximate area: D = (4 A/Pi) ^.5 D = (4 A/Pi) ^.5. Estimate packing size to column diameter ratio = D/38E-3. Estimating HOG and height of the column using figures and equations:

7. then HOG = Hg + ( HL * mGm/Lm), and z = HOG * NOG. then HOG = Hg + ( HL * mGm/Lm), and z = HOG * NOG. Calculate the cost in $. Calculate the cost in $.

8. Specification Sheet

9. Heat Exchangers Design Heat exchangers are the devises employed for transmitting heat from one fluid stream to another by indirect means. Heat exchangers are the devises employed for transmitting heat from one fluid stream to another by indirect means. there is a barrier which separates the fluids and permits heat to flow from the hotter to the colder stream without mixing of the streams. there is a barrier which separates the fluids and permits heat to flow from the hotter to the colder stream without mixing of the streams. Shell and tube heat exchanger in their various construction modification are probably the most widespread and commonly used basic heat exchanger configuration in the process industries. Shell and tube heat exchanger in their various construction modification are probably the most widespread and commonly used basic heat exchanger configuration in the process industries.

10. Procedure: Procedure: Heat load Heat load Log mean temperature Log mean temperature. Heat transfer area. Number of tubes

11. Bundle & shell diameter Bundle & shell diameter Tube side heat transfer coefficient Tube side heat transfer coefficient Shell side heat transfer coefficient Shell side heat transfer coefficient

12. Overall coefficient Overall coefficient Tube side pressure drop Tube side pressure drop Shell side pressure drop Shell side pressure drop Estimating thickness Estimating thickness Cost of heat exchanger from www.matche.com Cost of heat exchanger from www.matche.comwww.matche.com

18. Compressor Design A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. A gas compressor is a mechanical device that increases the pressure of a gas by reducing its volume. Gas compressors are used in various applications: Gas compressors are used in various applications: in petroleum refineries, natural gas processing plants, petrochemical and chemical plants. in petroleum refineries, natural gas processing plants, petrochemical and chemical plants.

19. Procedure: Procedure: Polytropic exponent can be determined from the following equation: Get the work from the following equation: The horse power is calculated by multiplying the work by the molar flow rate:

20. Finally, we get the compressor efficiency: Where K = (Mw * Cp) / (Mw * Cp – 1.986) Depending on the horse power we can decided which type of compressor we going to use and calculate its cost.

22. Valve Design A valve is a device that regulates the flow of substances either gases, fluidized solids, slurries, or liquids) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways. A valve is a device that regulates the flow of substances either gases, fluidized solids, slurries, or liquids) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways.gasessolidsliquidsgasessolidsliquids Valves are technically pipe fittings, but usually are discussed separately. Valves are technically pipe fittings, but usually are discussed separately.fittings

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