1. Initial Investigations at the Round Mountain Cerro de Trincheras Site in Southeastern Arizona John R. Roney (Colinas Cultural Resources) Robert J. Hard (University of Texas-San Antonio) A.C. MacWilliams (University of Calgary) Mary Whisenhunt (University of Texas-San Antonio) 18 th Biennial Mogollon Archaeology Conference

2. Round Mountain Site

3. Round Mountain (AZ CC:4:61 (ASM))

4. Cerros de Trincheras – Round Mountain tentatively dated to Early Agriculture period – Cerros de Trincheras in western and southern Chihuahua, northern Sonora, and southern Arizona

5. Setting: Gila River Floodplain

6. History of Research Site found on Google Earth Limited surface collection, test excavation, surface recording

7. Construction 1.9 kilometers of constructed walls/terraces

8. Rock Rings Assumed to represent individual dwellings 3.5 m in diameter

9. Surface Collection Most mapped artifacts concentrated near summit and on southeastern side of hill Distribution clusters near rock rings

10. Chipped Stone Surface Distribution Almost all found inside walls Four Tularosa corner- notched points, one likely San Pedro point

11. Ground Stone Artifacts Extensive assemblage of metates, manos Heavy wear; most composed of basalt

12. Unusual Artifacts Rectangular stone mortar Stone pipes

13. Ceramic Distribution Sherds clustered at hill summit Suggests later occupational use of mountain top

14. Excavations Three test units All located south- southeast on hill near summit

15. Artifacts From Excavation 1 cm 5 cm

16. Ethnobotanical Collection Light and heavy fractions collected No domesticates Wood record dominated by juniper, mesquite, oak

17. Radiocarbon Dating Beta 390818, AMS on charred Atriplex wood 2370 ± 30 BP radiocarbon years 510 – 395 B.C. Calibrated, 2 sigma Excavated from Test Unit 2, level 6

18. Conclusion

19. Acknowledgements Dept of Anthropology, the College of Liberal and Fine Arts, Center for Archaeological Research, and the Office of Vice-President of Research at the University of Texas at San Antonio Colinas Cultural Resource Consulting Bureau of Land Management, Safford District Dick Kaler, Duncan, Arizona Bill and Jill Cavaliere, Rodeo, NM Team Members: Gabriela Gonzalez, Ashley Jones, David Barron