1. The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Chapter 9
The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

2. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Computer History
Manual Calculators
Mechanical Calculators
Computer Prototypes
Generations of Computers
Personal Computers
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

3. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Manual Calculators
Figure 9-1
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

4. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Manual Calculators
Napier’s Bones (left) evolved into the slide rule (right).
Figure 9-2
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

5. Mechanical Calculators
Figure 9-3
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

6. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Computer Prototypes
Figure 9-4
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

7. Generations of Computers
UNIVAC
First-generation computers
Second-generation computers
Figures 9-6 and 9-7
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

8. Generations of Computers
Third-generation computers
Fourth-generation computers
Figure 9-8, 9-9
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

9. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Personal Computers
MITS Altair
Apple I / Apple II
VisiCalc
Figure 9-10, 9-11
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

10. The Computer and IT Industries
Industry Overview
Economic Factors
Product Development
Market Share
Marketing Channels
Industry Regulation
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

11. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Industry Overview
Computer industry
Information technology industry
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

12. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Industry Overview
Dot coms
Silicon Valley
Outsourcing
Offshoring
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

13. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Economic Factors
The IT industry is dynamic, prosperous, and economically beneficial, even though the Dot com bubble burst
Population growth along with theInternet has contributed to business globalization
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

14. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Product Development
Figure 9-19
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

15. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Market Share
Figure 9-21
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

16. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Market Share
Companies are classified into market tiers
Figure 9-22
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

17. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Marketing Channels
Figure 9-23
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

18. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Marketing Channels
At Dell’s Web site, customers
can order a custom-built computer by simply clicking to add various hardware options.
Figure 9-24
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

19. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Marketing Channels
Value-added resellers (VARs)
Consumers can benefit from a variety of channels
Channel conflict
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

20. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Industry Regulation
Some aspects regulated by government agencies
Most IT industry leadersoppose further regulation
Figure 9-25
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

21. Careers for Computer Professionals
Jobs
Education and Certification
Job Hunting Basics
Resumes and Web Portfolios
Job Listings
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

22. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Jobs
Information Systems department
Chief Information Officer
Systems Analyst
Computer Programmer
Security Specialist
Database Administrator
Network Specialist/Administrator
Computer Operator
Technical Support Specialist
Web site designer
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

23. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Jobs
Outside the IS department
Technical Writer
Computer Salesperson
Quality Assurance Specialist
Computer Engineer
Manufacturing Technician
Be willing to train and retrain as new skills are needed to work with emerging technologies
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

24. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Jobs
Contract workers
Telecommuting
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

25. Education and Certification
Computer engineering
Computer science
Information systems
Information technology
Software engineering
The Peterson’s Web site is a comprehensive resource for educational services
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

26. Education and Certification
Certificates of completion are available to students who successfully complete one or more courses on a specified topic
A certification exam is an objective test that verifies your level of knowledge
General computer knowledge
Software applications
Database administration
Networking
Computer hardware
Computer security
Figure 9-31
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

27. Resumes and Web Portfolios
Multimedia presentations
Personal Web site
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

28. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Professional Ethics
Ethics Basics
IT Ethics
Ethical Decision Making
Whistleblowing
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

29. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Ethics Basics
Professional ethics
Laws try to promote ethical behavior
Ethical values apply to any career field
Ethical decisions can vary from one field to another
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

30. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
IT Ethics
Some situations require computer professionals make ethical decisions
Figure 9-39
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

31. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
IT Ethics
Confidentiality
Personal activities
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

32. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
IT Ethics
Security
Software test cycles
Responsibility for user’s actions?
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

33. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Whistleblowing
What is it?
What happens to them?
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

34. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Whistleblowing
Before whistleblowing:
Examine your motives
Try the normal chain of command
Collect evidence to back up your accusations
Record events as they unfold
Act ethically
Be ready to accept repercussions
Establish a support network
Consult a lawyer
Consider your strategy
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

35. Work Area Safety and Ergonomics
Radiation Risks
Repetitive Stress Injuries
Eye Strain
Back Pain
Sedentary Lifestyle
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

36. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Radiation Risks
Every electronic device emits some type of radiation
Figures 9-49 and 9-50
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

37. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Radiation Risks
CRTs and LCD screens emit radiation
Cell phones emit RF energy
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

38. Repetitive Stress Injuries
Repetitive Stress Injury (RSI)
Figure 9-51
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

39. Repetitive Stress Injuries
Ergonomics
Figure 9-52
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

40. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Eye Strain
Computer use can affect eyes
Figure 9-53
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

41. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Eye Strain
Use an external keyboard and mouse
Adjust screen resolution
Figure 9-54
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

42. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Back Pain
Back pain
Relax so that tense muscles don’t generate headaches and stiffness
Figure 9-56
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

43. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Sedentary Lifestyle
People who live and work in digital cultures tend to spend many hours each day sitting
Get up, stretch, move
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics

44. Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics
Chapter 9 Complete
Chapter 9: The Computer Industry: History, Careers, and Ethics