1. LESSON OBJECTIVES/ GOALS/ SWBAT
STANDARD(S): Students analyze the significant events in the founding of the nation.
LESSON OBJECTIVES/ GOALS/ SWBAT
Describe Woodrow Wilson’s background and the progressive reforms of his presidency.
List the steps leading to woman suffrage.
Explain the limits of Wilson’s progressivism.

2. A BULLDOG ALWAYS
Commitment
Attitude
CARES
Respect
Encouragement
Safety

3. Wilson’s New Freedom Section 5
Woodrow Wilson establishes a strong reform agenda as a progressive leader.
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4. Wilson’s New Freedom Wilson Wins Financial Reforms Wilson’s Background5
SECTION
Wilson’s New Freedom
Wilson Wins Financial Reforms
Wilson’s Background
Wilson was lawyer, professor, president of Princeton, NJ governor
As president, focuses on trusts, tariffs, high finance
Continued . . .
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5. Wilson’s New Freedom Wilson Wins Financial Reforms5
SECTION
Wilson’s New Freedom
Wilson Wins Financial Reforms
Two Key Antitrust Measures
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)— new “watchdog” agency
- investigates regulatory violations
- ends unfair business practices
Clayton Antitrust Act stops companies buying stock to form monopoly
Ends injunctions against strikers unless threaten irreparable damage
Continued . . .
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6. FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION FORMED
The FTC was formed in 1914 to serve as a “watchdog” agency to end unfair business practices
The FTC protects consumers from business fraud
Today the FTC has been working on protecting consumers from ID theft

7. Chapter 9 Section 5 Wilson’s New Freedom
A – What was the impact of the two antitrust measures?
Wilson placed greater government regulations on businesses.

8. GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
1. Federal Trade Act
Set up the Federal Trade Commission with power to investigate corporations and unfair business practices

9. Chapter 9 Section 5 Wilson’s New Freedom
CLAYTON ANTITRUST ACT
In 1914 Congress enacted the Clayton Antitrust Act which strengthened the Sherman Act
The Clayton Act prevented companies from acquiring stock from another company (Anti-monopoly)
The Act also supported workers unions

10. Strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act;
GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
2. Clayton Antitrust Act
Strengthened the Sherman Antitrust Act;
freed labor unions and farm organizations from antitrust laws;
prohibited most injunctions against strikers

11. 5
SECTION
continued Wilson Wins Financial Reforms
A New Tax System
Wilson pushes for Underwood Act to substantially reduce tariffs
Sets precedent of giving State of the Union message in person
His use of bully pulpit leads to passage
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12. GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
3. Underwood Tariff
Substantially reduced tariff rates for the first time since the Civil War

13. 5
SECTION
continued Wilson Wins Financial Reforms
Federal Income Tax
Sixteenth Amendment legalizes graduated federal income tax
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14. FEDERAL INCOME TAX ARRIVES
Wilson worked hard to lower tariffs, however that lost revenue had to be made up
Ratified in 1916, the 16th Amendment legalized a graduated federal income tax

15. Legalized a federal income tax
GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
4. Sixteenth Amendment
Legalized a federal income tax

16. Federal Reserve System5
SECTION
continued Wilson Wins Financial Reforms
Federal Reserve System
• Federal Reserve System— private banking system under federal control
• Nation divided into 12 districts; central bank in each district
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17. B – Why were tariff reform and Federal Reserve System important?
Wilson’s tariff reform, cut tariffs and reduced the power of monopolies.
The Federal Reserve System made the money supply responsive to the state of the economy.

18. GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
5. Federal Reserve Act
Established the Federal Reserve System, a decentralized private banking system under federal control

19. Women Win Suffrage Local Suffrage Battles 5
SECTION
Women Win Suffrage
Local Suffrage Battles
• College-educated women spread suffrage message to working-class
• Go door-to-door, take trolley tours, give speeches at stops
- some adopt bold tactics of British suffragists
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20. Women Win Suffrage Catt and the National Movement 5
SECTION
Women Win Suffrage
Catt and the National Movement
• Carrie Chapman Catt, head of NAWSA, stresses organization, lobbying
• National Woman’s Party aggressively pressures for suffrage amendment
• Work of patriotic women in war effort influences politicians
• 1920 Nineteenth Amendment grants women right to vote
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21. The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920
WOMEN WIN SUFFRAGE
Native-born, educated, middle-class women grew more and more impatient
Through local, state and national organization, vigorous protests and World War I,
women finally realized their dream in 1920
The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920

22. C – Why do you think women won the right to vote in 1920, after earlier efforts had failed?
A combination of factors,
including women’s growing experience in the public realm,
their economic and social power,
and their importance in the war effort.

23. Increased activism of local and grass roots groups;
GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
6. Which three new developments finally brought the success of the woman suffrage movement within reach?
Increased activism of local and grass roots groups;
the use of new strategies to build enthusiasm;
regeneration of the national movement under Carrie Chapman Catt

24. PLAY CLIP

25. 7. Which constitutional amendment recognized women’s right to vote?
GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
7. Which constitutional amendment recognized women’s right to vote?
The Nineteenth Amendment

26. The Limits of Progressivism5
SECTION
The Limits of Progressivism
Wilson and Civil Rights
As candidate, wins support of NAACP for favoring civil rights
As president, opposes antilynching legislation
Appoints fellow white Southerners to cabinet who extend segregation
NAACP feels betrayed; Wilson self-defense widens rift
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27. LIMITS OF PROGRESSIVISM
While the Progressive era was responsible for many important reforms, it failed to make gains for African Americans
Like Roosevelt and Taft, Wilson retreated on Civil Rights once in office
The KKK reached a membership of 4.5 million in the 1920s

28. 8. How did Wilson retreat on civil rights?
GUIDED READING
What were the aims of each piece of legislation or constitutional amendment?
8. How did Wilson retreat on civil rights?
Opposed federal anti-lynching legislation;
appointed segregationists to his cabinet;
failed to oppose the re-segregation of federal offices

29. D – What actions of Wilson disappointed civil rights advocates?
Wilson opposed anti-lynching legislation,
did not continue desegregation of the federal govt,
and appointed to his cabinet white southerners who supported segregation.

30. The Limits of Progressivism5
SECTION
The Limits of Progressivism
The Twilight of Progressivism
Outbreak of World War I distracts Americans; reform efforts stall
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