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Chapter 32: Introduction to Animal Evolution Chapter 33: Invertebrates Overview of Animal Phylogeny part 1: invertebrates
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Invertebrates: orientation to topics
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Figure 33.1 Review of animal phylogeny
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Table 25-1a
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The Situation in the Late Precambrian Precambrian origin of integrated organisms and basic body plans Parazoa (Porifera) sponges Radiata (Cnidaria) sea anemones and sea pens Bilateralia Protostomes primitive molluscs unidentified worms Charnia masoni - a sea pen Dickinsonia costata - annelid?
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Fossils from the End of the Precambrian…
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA colonial choanoflagellate
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Figure 33.2 Sponges
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Figure 33.3 Anatomy of a sponge Sponges have specialized cells, But they lack true tissues, groups of similar cells that act as a functional unit and are Isolated from other tissues by Membranous layers.
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA
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Figure 33.6 Cnidarians: Hydrozoans (top left), jelly (top right), sea anemone (bottom left), coral polyps (bottom right)
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Figure 33.5 A cnidocyte of a hydra
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Figure 33.4bx Jelly medusa
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Figure 33.4 Polyp and medusa forms of cnidarians
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A cnidarian life cycle
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Figure 26.8 The Cambrian radiation of animals (Ediacaran) 525 Burgess Shale PL PE D D R P
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Figure 32.13x Burgess Shale fossils
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Figure 32.13 A sample of some of the animals that evolved during the Cambrian explosion
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Porifera and Cnidaria are prominent in the Burgess Shale Annelid worms in the Burgess shale
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Anomalocaris hunts so are arthropods!!
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Fossils of recognizable phyla in the Burgess shale
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Mystery animals in the Burgess shale Wiwaxia corrugata Dinomischus
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Figure 26.8 The Cambrian radiation of animals Causes of the radiation: 1.Predator-prey relationships originate. 2.Atmospheric oxygen reaches sufficient levels. 3.Homeobox genes evolve. (Ediacaran) 525 Burgess Shale PL PE D D R P
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA
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Figure 33.1 Review of animal phylogeny
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA trochophore lophophore
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Prominent Phyla of Lophotrochozoans
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Figure 33.14 Lophophorates: Bryozoan (left), brachiopod (right) LOPHOPHORE
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The fate of the brachiopods Brachiopods Bivalves millions of years ago
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA trochophore lophophore
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Figure 32.6 Body plans of the bilateria
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Figure 33.22 Cephalopods: Squid (top left and bottom left), nautilus (top right), octopus (bottom right)
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Figure 33.17 A chiton
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Figure 33.21 Anatomy of a clam Molluscs are coelomate, lophotrochozoan protostomes with a foot and a mantle
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Ammonites - extinct since the Cretaceous, along with dinosaurs
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Lophotrochozoans, a clade identified by molecular data, have the widest range of body forms.
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA lophophore
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Nematodes – ecdysozoans with priminent medical significance hookworms Trichinella – the nematode that causes trichinosis
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CRUSTACEANS as examples of ARTHROPODA
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Figure 33.28 Horseshoe crabs, Limulus polyphemus
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Figure 33.27 A trilobite fossil
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Figure 33.x1 Insecta: beetle
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Figure 32.8 Animal phylogeny based on sequencing of SSU-rRNA
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Figure 32.7 A comparison of early development in protostomes and deuterostomes
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Figure 33.37 Echinoderms: Sea star (top left), brittle star (top right), sea urchin (bottom left), sea lily (bottom right),
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fossil crinoids
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