1. The “New Unionism” I. Overview II. Radical Unions A. IWW
B. Garment Workers
III. Industrial Strikes,
A. Steel
B. Textile
C. Garment
IV. Explaining outcomes
A. Union organization
B. Public opinion
C. Employers
D. Institutionalism

2. Striking laundry workers, Chicago, 1903
Overview
Workers
Immigrants, blacks, & women
Jobs
Semi-skilled factory labor
Units
Industrial unions
Striking laundry workers, Chicago, 1903

3. WFM leaders, Pettibone, Haywood, and Moyer, on trial, 1907
IWW
Western Federation of Miners
IWW founded 1905 as response to AFL
Syndicalism
WFM leaders, Pettibone, Haywood, and Moyer, on trial, 1907

4. Garment Workers Workers Unions Immigrants Women
Eastern European Jews
Lithuanians
Italians
Women
Unions
International Ladies Garment Workers
United Garment Workers

5. Steel ↓  Members of PA constabulary, 1909 “Bloody corner”
McKee Rocks, PA, 1909 ↓

6. Textile
Lawrence
Lowell
Patterson

7. Clothing 1909 1910 1911 20K shirtwaist workers 60K NYC cloak-makers
40K in Chicago
1911
150K workers
Rochester, 1913

8. Chicago garment workers in Labor Day parade, 1915
Organization
Garment workers:
Avoid factionalism
Amalgamated
Retain ties to AFL establishment
Chicago garment workers in Labor Day parade, 1915

9. Public Opinion Machismo v. Maternalism
Radical Chic v. Middle-class Morality
Triangle Fire, 1911

10. Employers Garment manufacturers and retailers were often German Jews
Heavily involved in reform movements
Connection to workers creates sense of responsibility
Edward A. Filene

11. ACWA members thank leader Sidney Hillman, 1915
Institutionalism
IWW Syndicalism
versus
ACWA Brandeis-ism
ACWA members thank leader Sidney Hillman, 1915