1. Can We Achieve Secure Mobile Computing Anytime Soon? Jason I. Hong WMCSA2006 April 7 2006

2. My Position

3. No Secure Mobile Computing Soon Lots of important info on mobile devices Usability issues Cultural issues Economic issues

4. Lots of important info on mobile devices This was just March 2006

5. Lots of important info on mobile devices More and more devices out there More and more valuable data and services on devices –M-Commerce with mobile phones –Browser history and passwords –Unlock doors to home –Paris Hilton photos!!!! Observation: More and more incentives for theft –Steal and resell on EBay –Steal and punch through corporate firewalls –Mobile spyware (tracks location, already starting)

6. Usability Issues ~20% of WiFi access points returned –People couldn’t figure out how to make it work My guess: ~80% of unsecured WiFi access points –When you are mobile, risk of eavesdroppers –Computer security too hard to understand, too hard to setup

7. Usability Issues Phishing really really works –Exact numbers hard to find, but LOTS of people fall for them Semantic gap between us and everyday users –SSL, certificates, encryption, man-in-the-middle attacks –But simple phishing is stunningly effective Observation: need security models that are invisible (managed by others) or extremely easy to understand “Civilization advances by extending the number of operations we can perform without thinking about them.” - Alfred North Whitehead

8. Cultural Issues Browser Cookies –Originally meant for maintaining state –Now a pervasive means for tracking people online –Embedded in every browser, hard to change Observation: Security hard issue to wrap brain around –Hard to assess risk of low-probability event in future –Adds to cost of development for uncertain benefit –Thus, often done as an afterthought (ie too late)

9. Economic Issues

10. Estimated cost of phishing in US is ~$5 billion Solutions already exist –Two-factor authentication –Email authentication But: –Non-computer scams ~$200 billion –Estimated cost of implementation > $5 billion Observation: Many solutions are out there, but: –Need to align needs of various parties (politics) –Need incentives (cost-benefit, law) Observation: Scammers getting more sophisticated –Market for scammers (setup + steal, mules, bookkeeping) –“Build it, and scammers will also come”

11. No Secure Mobile Computing Soon Lots of important info on mobile devices Usability issues Cultural issues Economic issues IEEE Computer, Dec 2005 “Minimizing Security Risks in Ubicomp Systems” Invisible Computing Column

12. Cultural Issues 1 Algorithm for handling important societal issues in the United States Wait for disaster to Happen If (disaster == true) { willSomeonePleaseThinkOfTheChildren() legislate() || overreact() } Repeat Observation: Slow and suboptimal