1. Fundamental Sciences Electronics Energy Pharmaceutical Bio Nano Science & Technology Physics Chemistry Biology  m] MACRO ~10 o m ~10 -9 m ~10 -6 m  nm] MICRO NANO Industries Energy: Fuel Cell Electronics-Information: Storage Bio-Medical Drug Delivery (nano-particles) Motivation Industries Selected Areas: Energy  Fuel Cells, Solar Cells, Lubrication Electronics  Storage, Transistor (Gates) Pharmaceutical  Drug Delivery Bio-Medical  Implants NanoScience & NanoTechnology

2. Motivation: Nanocellular Growth Unstructured surface -> growth randomly Structured surface -> directed growth Tendon Cell Growth Growth Inhibited on Nanopatterned Surfaces NanoScience & NanoTechnology Nanoarray in fused silica Nano- patterned -> growth inhibited C.D.W. Wilkonson et al., Mat. Sci. and Eng. C, 19 (2002) 263

3. Motivation: Carbon Nano-Foam NanoScience & NanoTechnology The creation of a molecular structure involves “atom-to-atom” “assembly” under appropriate physical conditions and rate. Laser ablation is one possible avenue to create man-made materials. E.g., from graphite:  Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes  Amorphous Carbon (Films)  Carbon Nano-Foams Granular low density nanofoam: TEM image shows the free- standing fractal structure of the carbon foam. The foam consist of a network of interconnected carbon clusters of ~ 6nm in size A.V. Rode et al., Appl. Phys. A 70, (2000) 135