2. By: Thu-Anh Le, Lily Han & Samantha Haber

3. Introduction Typically, in society, when it comes to physical appearances and looks, it is believed that females spend more time grooming than males In addition, females are believed to sleep more than males in order to maintain their beauty sleep

4. Overview of our project Since this tends to be society’s belief, we were interested in finding out how true these statements were when applied to the UOP campus. Therefore, our project is testing to see if: –T–The mean minutes that females spend grooming in the morning is greater than the mean minutes that males spend grooming in the morning. –T–The mean hours of sleep that females get a day is greater than the mean hours of sleep that males get a day

5. Our Questions Do females spend more time than males grooming in the morning? Do females get more hours of sleep a day than males? Example of our Survey

6. How Statistics Can Help Us Find an Answer? The different data that we have collected on the amount of time spent on grooming and sleeping of college students was used to find out if there is a difference in amount of time spent grooming in the morning and sleeping for different genders A independent analysis was used to determine whether or not the stereotype is true that females spend more time grooming and sleeping than males A Z distribution was used since we had a sample size of more than 30

7. What is Considered Grooming? Females Brushing Teeth Combing Hair Hair spraying Washing Face Shaving Applying Makeup Applying Lotion Showering Males Applying Cologne Shaving Brushing Teeth Combing Hair Gel Hair Washing Face Showering Applying Aftershave

8. Defining our Parameters Collected data from 38 females and 32 males in the library and on our online survey site. Defining the sample means as: µ 1 = mean minutes that females spend grooming in the morning µ 2 = mean minutes that males spend grooming in the morning The null and alternative hypothesis are as follows: H o : µ 1 = µ 2 ; µ 1 – µ 2 = 0 H a : µ 1 > µ 2 ; µ 1 – µ 2 > 0 We predict that females spend more time grooming than males

9. Defining our Parameters We collected data from 38 females and 32 males in the library and on our online survey site. Defining the sample means as: µ 1 = mean hours of sleep that females get a day µ 2 = mean hours of sleep that males get a day The null and alternative hypothesis are as follows: H o : µ 1 = µ 2 ; µ 1 – µ 2 = 0 H a : µ 1 > µ 2 ; µ 1 – µ 2 > 0 We predict that females get more hours of sleep a day

10. Data for Females

11. Data for Males

12. Calculations Two-Sample Z-Test: Minutes Spent Grooming, Gender Two-sample Z for Minutes Spent Grooming Gender N Mean StDev F 38 29.31579 20.50195 M 32 20.3125017.48075 Difference = mu (F) - mu (M) Rejection Region: Z > 1.645 Z Test of difference = 0 (vs >): Z-Value = 1.98 P-Value = 0.0239 95% Confidence Interval: (0.105, 17.901).

13. Calculations Two-Sample Z-Test: Hours Spent Sleeping, Gender Two-sample Z for Hours Spent Sleeping Gender N Mean StDev F 38 6.513158 1.205207 M 32 6.218751.106706 Difference = mu (F) - mu (M) Rejection Region: Z > 1.645 Z Test of difference = 0 (vs >): Z-Value = 1.06 P-Value = 0.1446 95% Confidence Interval: (-0.248, 0.837).

14. Data for Minutes of Grooming

15. Data for Hour Spent Sleeping

16. Conclusion for Minutes Spent Grooming Since the observed Z of 1.98 falls within the rejection region of Z > 1.645, we reject the Ho, therefore females do spend more time grooming than males. Since the p-value of 0.0239 is less than the 0.05 level of significance, we reject the Ho. We are 95% confident that (µ1 - µ2) will be in the interval (0.105, 17.901).

17. Conclusion for Hours Spent Sleeping Since the observed Z of 1.06 doesn’t fall within the rejection region of Z > 1.645 we fail to reject the H o. Therefore, there isn’t a significant difference between the hours of sleep that males & females get. Since the p-value of 0.1446 is greater than the 0.05 level of significance, we fail to reject the H o. We are 95% confident that (µ 1 -µ 2 ) will be in the interval (-0.248, 0.837). Since 0 is a possible value in the interval (-0.248, 0.837), (µ 1 - µ 2 ) may be equal to 0, meaning that µ 1 may be equal to µ 2, therefore we fail to reject the H o and there isn’t a significant difference between the hours of sleep that male and females get.

18. Conclusion For Grooming UOP Campus Females Groom more Males Groom less