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Sedimentary Rocks Interpretations.

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Presentation on theme: "Sedimentary Rocks Interpretations."— Presentation transcript:

1 Sedimentary Rocks Interpretations

2 What do Sedimentary Rocks Record?
Source of sediment Erosion and Transport Agent Distance of Transport Depositional Environment Paleogeography/Tectonic Setting

3 Interpretation of Composition
Detrital Rocks: Source of sediment Exposure to Weathering (Distance of Transport) (Type of Climate)

4 Note About Detrital Rock Color & Composition
Grain Size Smaller is often darker Composition Carbon - black or brown Quartz - tan, clear, white Orthoclase - orange Depositional Environment Iron on land - red Iron in deep, oxygen poor water - green

5 Interpretation: Grain Size
Gravel Sand Silt Clay High Energy Low Energy River, Beach River, Beach, Desert Delta, Shallow Ocean Deep Ocean, Lake, Swamp

6 Detrital Rock Names (Based Primarily on Grain Size)
Gravel Sized: Conglomerate Sand Sized: Sandstone Mud Sized: Mudstone Siltstone Shale

7 Interpretation: Sorting
Poorly Sorted Well Sorted Transport Agent Gravity and Glaciers (and Rivers) Water and Wind

8 Clast Supported Conglomerate (River Deposits)

9 Matrix Supported Conglomerate (Glacial/Landslide Deposits)
2.2 Gyr Conglomerate “Modern” Glacial Sediments

10 Interpretation: Grain Roundness
Interpretation: Distance of Transport Short Far

11 Limestone Crystalline Limestone Fossiliferous Limestone Chalk

12 Formation of Limestone
Calcite Precipitates in Warm Water Water Under Low Pressure (Shallow) Or It is secreted by biological organisms Clams, Mussels, Scallops, etc. Corals Foraminifera

13 Limestone Represents:
Shallow Tropical Ocean

14 Chalk (Coccolithophores)

15 Black Sea

16 Travertine (Limestone)

17 Chert (Flint, Jasper, Agate…)

18 Diatom Steletons

19 Chert Represents Deep Ocean

20 Evaporites: Bonneville Salt Flats, Utah
Rock Gypsum Rock Salt Isolated, Arid, Salty Sea/Lake

21 Peat and Coal Swamp, Bog

22 Intermission: Quiz What can you say about the history of this rock?
Deposited in a beach/river or desert, very far from the source of the sediment. Quartz Sandstone

23 Intermission: Quiz What can you say about the history of this rock?
Deposited in a quiet water environment (deep ocean, lake, lagoon). Dark color implies oxygen-poor environment, rich in organic material. Shale

24 Intermission: Quiz What can you say about the history of this rock?
Deposited in a shallow tropical ocean. Limestone


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