2. Unit 10 Circulatory System Blood

3. 1. List the Functions of BLOOD TRANSPORT- deliver oxygen, pick up carbon dioxide and waste, transport hormones& nutrients DEFENSE- against pathogens( disease causing bacteria, virus) and help with clotting REGULATION- body temperature and water/salt balance & pH balance Blood is made up of a liquid portion (plasma) and a cellular portion( red, white and platelets)

4. 2. List the composition of PLASMA 92% water 8% PROTEINS- gamma globulin- fight infection fibrinogen- aid in clotting Plasma is a pale yellow color

5. 3. Describe the function of the blood cells ERYTHROCYTE- red blood cell, hemoglobin (iron) to carry oxygen, live 120 days, not enough RBC= anemia LEUKOCYTE- white blood cell, fight infection, life depends on your health (day-wk-mo-yr), Uncontrolled production of abnormal WBC is a cancer called Leukemia THROMBOCYTE- platelet, repair blood vessel to clot blood, live 10 days

6. Blood Cells Hematopoiesis- process by which blood cells (RBC, WBC, and Platelets) form Stem Cell- a cell capable of dividing and producing new cells that go on to become a particular type of cell

7. How does blood clot? After injury the blood vessel spasms or constricts( tries to close off) The platelets stick together in the area to form a plug Prothrombin is released by platelets Prothrombin converts to Thrombin Plasma releases Fibrinogen Fibrinogen and thrombin form FIBRIN (clot)

8. 4&5. Describe the 4 blood types Red blood cells may carry a protein, either A, B, A&B, or none(O), thus the blood types: A B AB O AB is a UNIVERSAL RECIPIENT( since this blood has both proteins it can receive any blood type) O is the UNIVERSAL DONOR (since this blood has no proteins it can be given to anyone) If Type A was given to Type B- the body would see the B protein as an ANTIGEN(foreign invader) and try to destroy it by producing antibodies, causing the blood to clump.

9. 6. RH factor The RBC may also either have another protein (RH positive) or not have it (Rh negative) This protein is labeled Rh because the research was done on Rhesus monkeys. This is only a problem for Rh - females pregnant with a second Rh+ baby.

10. VOCABULARY Antigen- foreign invader ANTIBODY- immune system produces these proteins to fight antigens