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CDF The Future of QCD at the Tevatron Fermilab, 20-22 May 2004 Konstantin Goulianos The Rockefeller University.

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Presentation on theme: "CDF The Future of QCD at the Tevatron Fermilab, 20-22 May 2004 Konstantin Goulianos The Rockefeller University."— Presentation transcript:

1 Diffraction @ CDF The Future of QCD at the Tevatron Fermilab, 20-22 May 2004 Konstantin Goulianos The Rockefeller University

2 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos2 CDF Run I results

3 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos3 Run I Run #Datespb -1 Physics 1-01988-89~5 Elastic, Diffractive & Total x-sections 1-A,B1992-95~120 Rapidity Gaps 1-C1995-96~10Roman Pots

4 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos4 Run 1-0 (1988-89) Elastic, single diffractive, and total cross sections @ 546 and 1800 GeV Roman Pot Spectrometers Roman Pot Detectors  Scintillation trigger counters  Wire chamber  Double-sided silicon strip detector Results  Total cross section  tot ~ s   Elastic cross section d  /dt ~ exp[2  ’ ln s ]  shrinking forward peak  Single diffraction Breakdown of Regge factorization Additional Detectors Trackers up to |  | = 7

5 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos5 Total & Elastic Cross Sections The exponential rise of  T is a QCD aspect expected in the parton model (see E. Levin, An Introduction to Pomerons,Preprint DESY 98-120) y  y  (Run I-0)

6 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos6  Unitarity problem: With factorization and std pomeron flux  SD exceeds  T at  Renormalization: normalize the pomeron flux to unity Soft Diffraction (Run I-0) KG, PLB 358 (1995) 379 ~10

7 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos7 M 2 -scaling KG&JM, PRD 59 (1999) 114017 Factorization breaks down in favor of M 2 -scaling renormalization 1

8 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos8 2 independent variables: Gap probability Renormalization removes the s-dependence M 2 -SCALING QCD Basis for Renormalization t color factor (KG, hep-ph/0205141)

9 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos9  and  Experimentally: KG&JM, PRD 59 (114017) 1999 g =0.20 q =0.04 R =-0.5 f g =gluon fraction f q =quark fraction Color factor: Pomeron intercept:

10 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos10 CDF-I Run-ICRun-IA,B Forward Detectors BBC 3.2<  <5.9 FCAL 2.4<  <4.2

11 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos11  Double Diffraction Dissociation  One central gap  Double Pomeron Exchange  Two forward gaps  SDD: Single+Double Diffraction  One forward + one central gap Soft Central and Double Gaps

12 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos12 Gap probabilitySub-energy cross section (for regions with particles) Generalized Renormalization Same suppression as for single gap! 5 independent variables color factors (KG, hep-ph/0205141)

13 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos13  One-gap cross sections are suppressed  Two-gap/one-gap ratios are Central & Double-Gap Results Differential shapes agree with Regge predictions DDSDDDPE

14 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos14 Soft Gap Survival Probability S =

15 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos15 Soft Diffraction Conclusions  M 2 – scaling  Non-suppressed double-gap to single-gap ratios Experiment: Phenomenology:  Generalized renormalization  Obtain Pomeron intercept and tripe-Pomeron coupling from inclusive PDF’s and color factors Soft diffraction is understood ! (?)

16 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos16 Hard Diffraction  Diffractive Fractions  Diffractive Structure Function  Factorization breakdown and restoration  DSF from inclusive PDF’s  Hard diffraction conclusions

17 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos17 Factorization OK @ Tevatron at 1800 GeV (single energy) All SD/ND fractions ~1% Gluon fraction Suppression by ~5 relative to HERA  gap survival probability ~20% Diffractive Fractions 1.45 (0.25)J/  0.62 (0.25)b 0.75 (0.10)JJ 1.15 (0.55)W Fraction(%) X SD/ND fraction at 1800 GeVDD/ND gap fraction at 1800 GeV

18 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos18 Diffractive Structure F‘n SD/ND Rates vs Measure ratio of SD/ND dijet rates as a f’n of In LO-QCD ratio of rates equals ratio of structure fn’s

19 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos19 Breakdown of QCD Factorization  dN/d  gap e ** HERA TEVATRON  dN/d  gap pp IP  t CDF H1 pp IP p ??? The clue to understanding the Pomeron

20 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos20 Restoring Diffractive Factorization R(SD/ND)R(DPE/SD) DSF from double-gaps: Factorization restored! DSF from single-gaps

21 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos21 DSF from Inclusive pdf’s (KG) Power-law region  max = 0.1 x max = 0.1  < 0.05   g =0.20  q =0. 04  R =-0.5 g =0.5 q =0.3

22 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos22 Pomeron Intercept from H1 RENORM 1+

23 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos23  -dependence: Inclusive vs Dijets g =0.5 q =0.3 Pomeron dominated Pomeron+Reggeon

24 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos24 Enery Dependence of F JJ D R 630/1800 = 1.3±0.2(stat)+0.4/-0.3(syst) Phenomenological Models: –Renormalization Phys. Lett. B 358, 379 (1995). –Gap survival probability, e.g. Eur.Phys. J. C 21, 521 (2001). –Soft color interactions Phys. Rev. D 64, 114015 (2001). R 630/1800 (predicted) ~ 1.5 - 1.8

25 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos25 Hard Diffraction Conclusions Diffraction appears to be a low-x exchange subject to color constraints

26 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos26 Summary of Run I Results  M 2 – scaling  Non-suppressed double-gap to single-gap ratios  Flavor-independent SD/ND ratios  Factorization breakdown and restoration SOFT DIFFRACTION Universality of gap prob. across soft and hard diffraction HARD DIFFRACTION

27 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos27 Run II Diffractive Program  Single Diffraction   and Q 2 dependence of F jj D  Process dependence of F D (W, b,J/   Double Diffraction  Jet-Gap-Jet:  gap for large fixed  jet  Double Pomeron Exchange  F jj D on p-side vs  -pbar Also: Exclusive central production  Dijets,  c, low mass states, Higgs(!)(?)… Other  Open to suggestions

28 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos28 CDF-II Tag leading p-bar @ 0.02 <  < 0.1 Reject (retain) 95% of ND (SD)events detect forward particles

29 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos29 MiniPlug Calorimeter About 1500 wavelength shifting fibers of 1 mm dia. are ‘strung’ through holes drilled in 36x¼” lead plates sandwiched between reflective Al sheets and guided into bunches to be viewed individually by multi-channel photomultipliers.

30 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos30 Artist’s View of MiniPlug 25 in 5.5 in 84 towers

31 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos31 Q 2 dependence of DSF ~ no Q 2 dependence ~ flat at HERA ~ 1/ x 0.5 at Tevatron Pomeron evolves similarly to proton except for for renormalizartion effects

32 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos32 Hard Double Diffraction Question Run I Results

33 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos33 Exclusive Dijets in DPE Interest in diffractive Higgs production Calibrate on exclusive dijets Upper limit for excl DPE-jj consistent with theory Dijet mass fraction no peak!

34 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos34 Search for Exclusive  c @CDF Events are triggered on dimuons Select muons with P T >1.5 GeV, |  |< 0.6 Reject cosmic rays using time of flight information Select events in J/  mass window 10  c candidates No positive identification of  c events Cross section upper limit comparable to KMR prediction

35 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos35 Merits/Problems/Needs Merits of CDF Run II diffractive program  Measuring  with calorimeters  full acceptance  overlap rejection  BSC gap triggers  can take data at high luminosities But:  BSC gap rejects some diffractive events from MP spillover  Useful rates too low for many processes, e. g. exclusive b-bbar Need:  Low luminosity runs for calibrations:   -roman pot vs  -calorimeter  BSC gap trigger vs roman pot trigger Also need:  $$$ to instrument MPs from current 84 to all 256 channels for EM/hadron discrimination and better jet definition

36 Fermilab 20-22 May 2004 The Future of QCD: Diffraction @CDF K. Goulianos36 CONCLUSION Run II  CDF has a comprehensive Run II diffractive program  Modest upgrades & special runs are desirable  Full MiniPlug instrumentation  Low luminosity (~10 30 ) runs for calibrations  Data run at 630 GeV Beyond Run II  Can think of improvements, but of no compelling diffractive physics that cannot be done in Run II

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