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Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang.

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Presentation on theme: "Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang."— Presentation transcript:

1 Physical Activity and Bone Instructor: Tsang-hai Huang

2 Instruction Syllabus Bone: A tissue acts silently but a source of multiple cells. Bone is an alive tissue with vigorous metabolism. Bone is strong, plastic and light.

3 Anatomy Bone’s organic makeup 1. organic matrix: 決定了骨骼的結構,力學 及生化特性,98%的有機基質由第一型膠 原及非膠原性蛋白所構成,其於的2%則是 包含各種骨骼細胞(osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocytes)。 Inorganic phase: hydroxyapatite

4 骨骼的巨觀及微觀 巨觀: axial skeleton, appendicular skeleton.

5 微觀: Both woven bone (織網骨) & Lamellar bone (板狀骨) can be part of trabecular bone and cortical bone

6 Trabecular bone and Cortical bone Trabecular bone: 15-25% calcium ,海綿骨的分佈 使得骨髓、血管和結締組織得以與骨骼有所連 繋,海綿骨處的骨內膜是骨代謝相當旺成的部 位,而皮質骨的主要功能則在於形成骨架與保 護( pp.5 )。 Cortical bone: 80-90% calcium ,位於骨內膜上的 細胞在代謝上相當活躍,並與骨合成及骨吸收 有著相當密切的關係;骨外膜有兩層,內層 (或稱為形成層)在骨骼生長的過程中,主要 在成骨骼的橫向生長,使得長骨的直徑變大。

7 Trabecular bone and Cortical bone

8 Bone formation takes place in periosteum

9 Bone cell: osteoblast, osteocytes, osteoclast 各種骨細胞會對周圍環境的訊息產生反應而調節骨骼代謝, 這些訊息包括有化學性的、機械性的、電的、及磁性的。 Osteoblast (造骨細胞, OB )Osteoblast (造骨細胞, OB ) 1. 製造 bone matrix (骨母質) 2. bone matrix > osteoid (10 days) > ossification bone 3. endocrine (內分泌), paracrine (對位分泌), autocrine (自體分泌) Osteocytes (骨細胞):深埋於 osteocytic lacunaeOsteocytes (骨細胞):

10 Where is OB?

11 Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) as a marker for OB OVX CON

12 Haversian canal and Osteocytes

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14 Bone cell: osteoblast, osteocytes, osteoclast Osteoclast (破骨細胞 or 蝕骨細 胞)Osteoclast (破骨細胞 or 蝕骨細 胞) 皺折邊緣 > 形成( bone resorption compartment )骨吸收隔間 > 釋放 lysosomal enzymes (溶解 酶) > 高濃度的酶使 bone resorption compartment 變酸 > 使氫氧磷灰石結晶的非膠原性連 結被分解掉 > 其餘的膠原纖維則被膠原分解酶 或一種稱為 cathepsin 的因子所 移除。

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