1. TOWARDS SMOKE FREE WORKPLACE DO NICOTINE DEPENDENCE AND WORKERS ’ ATTITUDES PLAY A ROLE? FATMA HASSAN AND HASSIB ELDEFRAWI

2. OBJECTIVES 1- To Identify the Attitudes of the Workers in Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University and its Hospital Towards Cigarette Smoking in Workplace. 2- To Assess Dependence Degree of Nicotine among the Smokers

3. STUDY DESIGN CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY

4. SETTINGS FACULTY OF MEDICINE SUEZ CANAL UNIVERSITY AND ITS TEACHING HOSPITAL

5. PARTICIPANTS 510 IN THEIR WORKPLACES 69.2% IN SHARED OFFICES 13.7% IN PRIVATE OFFICES 12.2% IN OPEN OFFICES 4.3% IN SOMETHING ELSE

6. OUTCOME MEASURES ATTITUDES WHO Smoke-Free Workplace Questionnaire NICOTINE DEPENDENCE Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence was used to assess the degree of dependence among smokers. Cut off point was taken at 6 on 10 point scale

7. RESULTS: WORKERS BY GENDER MALES 376/510 (73.7%) CURRENT SMOKERS 188/376 (50%) FEMALES 134/510 (26.3%) CURRENT SMOKERS 4/134 (3%) ALL WANT TO QUIT

8. MALES BY SMOKING STATUS CURRENT SMOKERS 188/376 (50%) WANT TO QUIT 128/188 (68.1%) DO NOT WANT TO QUIT 60/188 (31.9%) NON SMOKERS 150/376 (39.9%) EX-SMOKERS 38/376 (10.1%)

9. Attitudes Towards Smoking in Workplaces by Smoking Status Ex & Non Smokers N (%) Current smokers N (%) Smoking Status Attitude 221(77.8) 82 (46.6) 63 (22.2) 94 (53.4) Total Ban Allowed in Separate Places 10 (28.6) 5(31) 25 (71.4) 10 (69.4) ALLOWED in ALL Areas Undetermined X 2 = 69.9, p<0.01

10. Attitudes Towards Smoking in Meetings by Smoking Status Ex and Non Smokers N (%) Current Smokers N (%) Smoking Status I Prefer 210 (79.5) 65 (43.6) 54 (20.5) 84 (56.4) Total Ban Smoking Breaks 43 (44.3)54 (55.7)Vote/ Allowed X 2 = 69.4 P< 0.0001 X 2 = 69.4 P< 0.0001

11. Smokers by their Total Score in Nicotine Dependence Test Smokers Do Not Want to Quit N (%) Smokers Want To Quit N (%) Total Score 15 (17)73 (83)< 6 10 (30.3)23 (69.7)≥ 6 X 2 = 27, p <0.05

12. Comments of Smokers Who Want to Quit 1- I can not quit smoking. It ’ s too hard to quit smoking. 2- Smoking is a loss for both health and money. 3- Please do not prohibit smoking. 4- Every person has to quit smoking and has the ability to do that. 5- Smoking is a disease the man should be cured of.

13. Comments of Smokers Who Do NOT Want to Quit Smoking 1- I can not quit smoking. 2- Smoking is a disease and is a loss of both health and money. 3- Ensure places for non- smokers and they should stay away from smokers. 4- Do not ban smoking in workplaces.

14. Comments of Ex-Smokers 1- Smoking is a very harmful to health and families. Every head of the family should be a role model for his kids as if the father is a smoker, his kids will imitate him. 2- I like to help other smokers to quit and to sustain mine. A program to quit smoking should be there.

15. Comments of Non-Smokers Females 1- Total ban of Smoking is required. 2- I wish all the world be smoke-free. 3- Close the factories that produce cigarettes. 4-I have the right to breathe fresh and clean air, but without restriction of the others freedom. Make separate places available for smokers.

16. Comments of Non-Smokers Males 1- Total ban of smoking. 2- I wish all do not smoke. 3- Total ban of smoking especially in workplaces and public places as smoking affects non-smokers. Laws are needed. 4- Make separate places available for smokers. Smoker is a sick person.

17. CONCLUSIONS Attitudes Toward Restriction or Total ban of Smoking in Workplaces and Nicotine Dependence Would have a Role in a Successful Trial for Achieving a smoke free Workplace