1. Ronda Hauben ronda@panix.com
The International and Scientific Origins of the Internet and the Emergence of the Netizen
Ronda Hauben

2. WSIS

3. Ronda Hauben ronda@panix.com
The International and Scientific Origins of the Internet and the Emergence of the Netizen
Ronda Hauben

4. The Myth
“Internet was created within the US by the US Department of Defense as a way to have a communication system that would survive a nuclear war”

5. The Realities
The Internet is a result of scientific and technical collaboration that was international in its earliest stages
There was a vision guiding and inspiring its international collaborative development
The Internet is a solution to the Multiple Network Problem - to connect dissimilar networks

6. Multiple Networks Problem
NPL (National Physical Laboratories) U.K.
ARPANET - USA
CYCLADES - France

7. International TCP/IP ResearchUS
Norway UK

8. Conferences on Cybernetics
Josiah Macy Jr
Conferences on Cybernetics
Ten conferences

10. In June 1954 the Conference on
Problems in Human Communication
and Control sponsored by the
Foundation and the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology brought
together experimental psychologists,
physicists, engineers, and
mathematicians for discussion of
Mutual benefit.

11. The Frequency-Localization in the Auditory Cortex of the Cat”
Licklider’s PhD thesis:
“An Electrical Investigation of
The Frequency-Localization in the Auditory
Cortex of the Cat”

12. Licklider and Taylor wrote about modeling:
“By far the most numerous, most sophisticated
and most important models are those that
reside in men's minds.”
The Computer as a Communications Device

13. Sutherland’s Sketchpad

14. Sketchpad - being able to change complex sketches
and to see the effects on other aspects of a complex
model.

15. Individual mental model
"In richness, plasticity, facility and economy,
the mental model has no peer, but in other
respects it has shortcomings."

16. Short comings of the individual mental model
It can be observed and manipulated only by one person
Society rightly distrusts the modeling done by a single mind

17. Cooperative modeling
Individual models can be compared and brought into some degree of accord.
Cooperation in the construction, maintenance and use of a model
A plastic or moldable medium that can be modeled, a dynamic medium in which processes will flow into consequences
A common medium that can be contributed to and experimented with by all

18. Sir Charles Percy Snow
Brownian Motion

19. Something like Brownian Motion
All kinds of people all over the place suddenly get smitten with the same sort of desire, with the same sort of interest at the same time.
This forms a concentration of pressure and of direction.
These concentrations of pressure gradually filter their way through to the people whose nominal responsibility it is to put the legislation into a written form.

20. Information Processing Techniques Office (IPTO) 1962-1986
JCR Licklider
Ivan Sutherland
Bob Taylor
Larry Roberts
. . .
Robert Kahn
Saul Amarel
JCR Licklider

21. “Voting in the absence of understanding
defines only the public attitude, not the
public interest.”

22. To determine the public interest
Many public spirited individuals must study, model, analyze, argue, write, criticize, and work out each issue and each problem until they reach consensus or determine that none can be reached
Only then may there be the reason to vote

23. “Computer power to the people is essential to
the realization of a future in which most
citizens are informed about, and interested in,
the process of government .”

24. The concept of net.citizen or netizen to identify and describe
the emergence of Netizens
The Net and the Netizens:
The Impact the Net has on
People’s Lives
Michael Hauben, July 6, 1993

25. Netizens “They are people who understand it takes effort
and action on each and everyone's part to make
the Net a regenerative and vibrant community
and resource. Netizens are people who decide
to devote time and effort into making the Net,
this new part of our world, a better place.”
Michael Hauben, 1995

27. “Netizens participate to help make the Net
both an intellectual and a social resource.”
Michael Hauben
Further Thoughts about Netizens

28. Tunis November 2005 There is a need for an appropriate model for
the management of the
Internet’s international infrastructure

29. Conclusion
The online plastic, collaborative process which makes possible interactive modeling is a helpful analogy for the positive nature of the Internet
The social consciousness of users as netizens has evolved and spread as the Internet has evolved and spread

30. “Netizens participate to help make the Net
both an intellectual and a social resource.”