1. Why? WHO DO YOU THINK HAD THE ADVANTAGE AT THE START OF THE WAR?

4. WHAT IS THIS CARTOON ALL ABOUT? 1. What is this a picture of? A. Snake/serpent 2. What makes up the snake/serpent? A. segments or colonies/states Which colonies are mentioned? A. South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, New England 3. What is the purpose of this cartoon? A. Present a unified front against any enemy A. Rally support for revolt/breaking free from Great Britain

5. COLONIAL FORCES 230,000 soldiers served in the Continental Army 145,000 enlisted in local militias Poorly paid Young (<16) Harsh conditions Keeping soldiers dedicated and motivated

6. COLONIAL FORCES ADVANTAGES Fought for a cause they believed in Lives, property and dream of liberty Got help from European nations Loans and military aid Understanding of the landscape Leadership that learned from their mistakes

7. COLONIAL FORCES DISADVANTAGES Untrained soldiers Poorly equipped soldiers (lack of supplies) Small navy Low pay Many soldiers < 16 (inexperienced) Keeping dedicated soldiers

8. BRITISH FORCES 60,000 British and German (Hessian) troops 10,000 Loyalists Professional Army Experienced Motivation?

9. BRITISH FORCES ADVANTAGES Well-trained soldiers Well-equipped soldiers Large, powerful Navy Ability to control the coast

10. BRITISH FORCES DISADVANTAGES Atlantic Ocean Mercenaries as soldiers (costs $ and lack of motivation) Overconfident/arrogant leadership Unable to survey the geography (lack of knowledge for the landscape)

12. AFRICAN AMERICANS IN WAR Fought on both sides Slaves with guns? Worried slave owners (possible revolts) Few states allowed African Americans to join state militias

13. AFRICAN AMERICANS IN WAR Freedom? British governor offered freedom to any slave joining the Redcoats Slaves fled their station to join the British Continental Army opened up its ranks to African Americans 5,000 served in the Continental Army hoping for independence and greater equality

14. A WOMAN’S ROLE? Home Making bullets, clothes, blankets Raising money for supplies Spying Protected their homes w/ pitchforks and muskets Front lines Recruit soldiers Warn of British movements or attacks “Molly Pitcher”