1. Lecture 6
Sample preparation

3. Blood Samples: Blood: arterial capillary venous
Composition of blood plasma
Component
Percent
Water
~92
Proteins
6–8
Salts
0.8
Lipids
0.6
Glucose (blood sugar)
0.1
Blood serum is blood plasma without fibrinogen or the other clotting factors (i.e., whole blood minus both the cells and the clotting factors)

4. Blood Samples: Anticoagulants: lithium heparin sodium heparin NaF
sodium citrate
EDTA
Serum: no anticoagulant
Plasma: centrifugation with anticoagulant present
Blood cells: erythrocytes

5. Urine mL
Stomach content mL
Tissue Hair, nails 2-5 g if possible
Many of options in postmortem work

7. Organic Compounds Solid Liquid Sampling Isolation
Optional protein precipitation
Homogenize in buffer
Liquid
Optional protein precipitation
Isolation
Single step liquid-liquid extraction
Multiple step liquid-liquid extraction
Solid phase extraction
(pre)concentration
DATA COLLECTION
Data processing and interpretation

8. Air/gas sampling canisters bags
Cleaned Polyurethane Foam (PUF) Cartridges and Resins

9. Solid Phase Extraction cartridges

10. Headspace vial
Caps & septa

11. Microdiffusion (Conway) cell
Preconcentration of volatile compounds

12. Liqiud phase microextraction (LPME)
A 1 mL drop at the end
of a syringe needle.
A simple device for headspace LPME.
Stirring and thermostating are optional.

13. SPME

14. Solvent extraction techniques

15. Filters:
Can be also used for
Solid Phase Extraction

16. Solid Phase Extraction

18. Inside the SPE cartridge…

19. Various sorption techniques:
centrifuge
positive pressure

20. Large volumes:

21. SPE extraction:
Lots of junk removed!