1. EAS 220 Lab 3: EARTHQUAKES

6. Travel Time Graph

9. Plate Boundaries

11. Types of Boundaries Divergent Convergent Transform

12. Divergent Boundaries: Spreading zones (ex. Mid Atlantic Ridge, Red Sea Rift)

13. Convergent: Subduction (ex. West coast of South America, Aleutian Islands)

14. Transform Boundaries: Plates slide past each other (ex. San Andreas in California)

16. Richter MagnitudesDescriptionEarthquake EffectsFrequency of Occurrence Less than 2.0Micro Microearthquakes, not felt. About 8,000 per day 2.0-2.9Minor Generally not felt, but recorded. About 1,000 per day 3.0-3.9Minor Often felt, but rarely causes damage. 49,000 per year (est.) 4.0-4.9Light Noticeable shaking of indoor items, rattling noises. Significant damage unlikely. 6,200 per year (est.) 5.0-5.9Moderate Can cause major damage to poorly constructed buildings over small regions. At most slight damage to well-designed buildings. 800 per year 6.0-6.9Strong Can be destructive in areas up to about 100 miles across in populated areas. 120 per year 7.0-7.9Major Can cause serious damage over larger areas. 18 per year 8.0-8.9Great Can cause serious damage in areas several hundred miles across. 1 per year 9.0-9.9Great Devastating in areas several thousand miles across. 1 per 20 years 10.0+Great Never recorded; see below for equivalent seismic energy yield. Extremely rare (Unknown)

17. Earthquake Facts Largest ever recorded: 9.6 in Chile in 1960 2 nd largest: (Largest US Earthquake): Alaska 1964 Good Friday Earthquake, Magnitude 9.4 3 rd largest: Indian Ocean 2004. Indonesia/Sumatra. Generated tsunami (9.2- 9.3)

18. *3 big earthquakes: 1811, 1812 (within two months!) *made Mississippi flow backwards *Rang church bells in Boston and felt widespread. Probably close to 7.8 magnitude. New Madrid Fault Zone

19. Biggest NY Earthquakes Utica, Attica, Syracuse have had quakes. Massena 1940’s: magnitude 6. Blue Mountains: active area, magnitude 5.5 a few years ago. Historically, large earthquakes in NYC area. Frequent magnitude 2-3. Beneath city itself, historically 6’s. Magnitude 5.1, 2002.