1. Circulatory System Melinda Klockziem (3202H) Topic: Circulatory System

2. Hematology Study of Blood Study of Blood

3. Structure of Blood Blood is composed of : Blood is composed of : –40% cells and 60 % plasma The cells that are in the blood are: The cells that are in the blood are: –Erythrocytes (red blood cells) –Leukocytes (white blood cells) –Platelets

4. Hematopoiesis The formation and development of blood cells The formation and development of blood cells –hem = blood, poiesis =formation & development. All blood cells develop in the bone marrow from one type of cell All blood cells develop in the bone marrow from one type of cell

5. Erythrocyte (Red Blood Cell) The most abundant blood cell The most abundant blood cell Function – transport O 2 throughout the body Function – transport O 2 throughout the body

6. Leukocytes (White Blood Cells) The body’s main defense against infection The body’s main defense against infection 5 Types of WBC 5 Types of WBC –Neutrophil –Basophil –Eosinophil –Lymphocyte –Monocyte

7. Thrombocyte (Platelets) Hemostasis (clotting) Hemostasis (clotting) –stop bleeding by adhering to damaged vessels and clumping together release proteins that help form a clot

8. Clinical Hematology PCV PCV –Packed Cell Volume Is the percentage of the RBC compared to the total sample. Is the percentage of the RBC compared to the total sample. If below normal If below normal –Anemia Normal Values % Normal Values % –Dog: 37-55 Horse: 32-48 –Cat: 30-45 Bovine: 24-46

9. Arteries Thick-walled muscular vessels Thick-walled muscular vessels Carry blood away from the heart Carry blood away from the heart Arteries are used as pulse points on the body. Arteries are used as pulse points on the body.

10. Arteries Blood Pressure Blood Pressure –Vasoconstriction  Contracts  diameter decrease  Increase BP –Vasodilatation  Relaxes  diameter increases  decrease BP Largest Artery Largest Artery –Aorta –Originates from the left ventricle. sonofsun.sdsu.edu/class/bio590/ pictures/lect5/5.2.html

11. www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ ency/imagepages/8983.htm

12. Veins Carry blood to the heart Carry blood to the heart Much thinner and less muscular than arteries Much thinner and less muscular than arteries Contain valves to keep blood flowing in one directions Contain valves to keep blood flowing in one directions sonofsun.sdsu.edu/class/bio590/ pictures/lect5/5.2.html

13. Veins Largest Vein Largest Vein –Vena cava Used for blood collection and administration of intravenous medications Used for blood collection and administration of intravenous medications