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The Census of Marine Life Jesse H. Ausubel Alfred P. Sloan Foundation

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1 The Census of Marine Life Jesse H. Ausubel Alfred P. Sloan Foundation http://www.coml.org

2 Census of Marine Life research program to assess & explain diversity, distribution, & abundance of marine organisms research program to assess & explain diversity, distribution, & abundance of marine organisms an international program involving experts in a variety of fields around the globe an international program involving experts in a variety of fields around the globe feasibility studies initiated in 1997 with potential users, funders, performers: resource managers, fishers, environmentalists, navies, scientists feasibility studies initiated in 1997 with potential users, funders, performers: resource managers, fishers, environmentalists, navies, scientists to culminate in 2010 to culminate in 2010 can prototype global ocean observing system for marine life can prototype global ocean observing system for marine life

3 The Census of Marine Life Why Now? Environmental obligations UN Convention on Biodiversity - requires signatories to collect information on living resources UN Convention on Biodiversity - requires signatories to collect information on living resources Marine Protected Areas Marine Protected Areas Sustainable Fisheries Sustainable Fisheries Habitat Loss and Pollution Habitat Loss and Pollution Global Climate Change Global Climate Change

4 The Census of Marine Life Why Now? State of current knowledge largely limited to -- 200 commercially important species -- Based on catch statistics by fishers -- Near-shore areas -- 95% of oceans unexplored biologically -- NO synchronous surveys of everything that lives in the water column, i.e., no “ecosystem” surveys

5 Census of Marine Life Why Now - New Technologies TechnologiesTechnologies Active & passive acoustics: “Every fish is a submarine”Active & passive acoustics: “Every fish is a submarine” Optical sensorsOptical sensors Tags (animals doing surveys themselves)Tags (animals doing surveys themselves) Vehicles: unmanned, remotely operatedVehicles: unmanned, remotely operated GeneticsGenetics Data Management & CommunicationData Management & Communication Satellite communications for real-time observations from fixed and floating platformsSatellite communications for real-time observations from fixed and floating platforms Data AnalysisData Analysis On-line image libraries, recognitionOn-line image libraries, recognition Modeling & simulation for population estimatesModeling & simulation for population estimates

6 Tag about 10 species Total of 5000 animals Follow for 1-2 years North Pacific prototype TOPP Project: To infer what must live in the ocean from behavior of wide-ranging species

7 TOPP Bioprobe Coverage

8 History of Marine Animal Populations What did live in the oceans? History of Marine Animal Populations What did live in the oceans? New Field Projects What does live in the oceans? New Field Projects What does live in the oceans? Future of Marine Animal Populations What will live in the oceans? Future of Marine Animal Populations What will live in the oceans? Data assimilation framework Ocean Biogeographic Information System Data assimilation framework Ocean Biogeographic Information System The Census of Marine Life Component Programs

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11 Chemosynthetic (ChEss) Ecosytems A-G = Vent; H-K = Seep & Vent; Number = Fauna ID’d

12 Salmon Monitoring Lines: Fish “EZ Pass”

13 Ocean Biogeographical Information System Vision: Click on maps of the ocean & bring up data on what has been reported to live thereVision: Click on maps of the ocean & bring up data on what has been reported to live there Goal: Next generation info infrastructure for marine biology & living marine resource mgmtGoal: Next generation info infrastructure for marine biology & living marine resource mgmt Technical progress:Technical progress: Portal, interoperable databases on growing list of species groups (fishes, squids, jellies, corals, molluscs, Portal, interoperable databases on growing list of species groups (fishes, squids, jellies, corals, molluscs, mammals, turtles, seabirds…); standards & protocols mammals, turtles, seabirds…); standards & protocols Institutional progress:Institutional progress: Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) marine associate (July 2001)Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) marine associate (July 2001) International Federation established, more than 100 partners in more than 20 countries so farInternational Federation established, more than 100 partners in more than 20 countries so far

14 Census of Marine Life Education & Outreach Outreach to learners of all ages Consortium of aquariums (150 million visitors/yr), natural history museums Web sites Video, magazines

15 Census of Marine Life Institutional arrangements International Scientific Steering Committee International Secretariat Geographically distributed Program HQs Kyoto, Vancouver, Monterey Bay, New Brunswick (Canada), Southampton (UK), Bergen (Norway), Esbjerg (Denmark), Concepcion (Chile)… Regional & National Committees: Western Pacific, S. America, Australia, Canada, European Union, Southern Africa… International group of funding agencies (form in ’02)

16 Partnerships & Mechanisms International Intergovernmental Atlantic International Council for Exploration Atlantic International Council for Exploration of the Seas (ICES), Pacific…PICES of the Seas (ICES), Pacific…PICES UN: IOC, FAO; World Bank/GEF? UN: IOC, FAO; World Bank/GEF? GBIF GBIFNon-governmental ICSU (SCOR, Diversitas, IABO); POGO ICSU (SCOR, Diversitas, IABO); POGO Industries: eg Oil & Gas (IPIECA, OGPA) Industries: eg Oil & Gas (IPIECA, OGPA) Environmental: Conservation Int’l… Environmental: Conservation Int’l…

17 Census of Marine Life What’s known What’s unknown What’s unknowable An ancient dream, a real possibility A here-and-now test for partnerships and mechanisms for sustainable development

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