1. Chapter Extension 17 Small-Scale Systems Development © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke

2. CE17-2 Study Questions How does systems development vary according to project scale? What is a typical small-scale project? How does the systems definition phase apply to BBB? How does the requirements definition phase apply to BBB? How do design and implementation phases apply to BBB? How does the maintenance definition phase apply to BBB? What can you learn from the BBB case?

3. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-3 Systems Development Life Cycle SDLC – Can be applied to projects of any scale Nature and characteristics of work vary Small-scale projects vary from large-scale projects – Different tasks required

4. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-4 Small-Scale Projects Simple requirements Involve few business processes Seldom have IT support – May use consultants Frequently only part-time basis Often short in duration Staff may be inexperienced

5. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-5 Small-Scale Projects, continued Usually limited budget – May be unrealistically limited – Due to being naive Informal and loose – Fewer users System supported by users Little attention may be paid to: – Security – Backup – Recovery

6. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-6 Large-Scale Projects Involve many different business processes Uses IT professionals project managers, systems analysts, network administrators, programmers, database designers, PQA professionals, trainers May require a year or more to complete Budgets sizeable – May still be inadequate

7. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-7 Large-Scale Projects, continued Staff usually experienced System supported by professionals Normally secured Backup and recovery systems in place

8. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-8 System Development Characteristics Figure CE 17-1

9. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-9 What Is a Typical Small-Scale Project? BBB is an example of a small-scale project – Resorts want to share data about their properties Each resort could develop own database – Share information over Internet Resorts could develop centralized database – Need systems development process Assist in development – May need custom applications Assess progress Maintain system

10. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-10 How Does the Systems Definition Phase Apply to BBB? BBB must define their needs and goals: – What does sharing property mean? – How elaborate a system is needed? – What properties are to be shared? – How will compensation be computed? Feasibility needs to be assessed: – Schedule – Technology – Cost Alternatives must be explored Project must be planned

11. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-11 Systems Definition for BBB Figure CE 17-2

12. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-12 How Does the Requirements Phase Apply to BBB? Tasks will depend on type of system development – Not much needs to be done for email exchanges – Considerable work will need to be done if they will share Web-accessible database – Define the user roles: Access listings to rent Add/update/remove listings – Review current rental procedures – Create prototypes of forms

13. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-13 Technological Requirements Other considerations: – Are application programs required? – What features need to be included? – What secure access will be used? Procedures for revoking access – Five components of information system

14. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-14 How Do Design and Implementation Phases Apply to BBB? BBB will probably need outside consultant – Much consider each of five components of information system BBB needs to identify hardware to host website Needs Web server software – Consider off-the-shelf – Buy vs. build Define users: – Property-listing users – Property-listing updaters – System administrators

15. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-15 Implementation Phase Determine needs Training Use of system Conversion Maintenance Backup and recovery

16. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-16 Requirements Analysis for BBB Figure CE17-3

17. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-17 Aim for What You Want Focus on what you want and where you want to go – Know what you want – If you don’t know, focus on what you can do Focus on the systems requirements – Know what you want to build – Manage the requirements Build incrementally if necessary Put your attention where you want to go

18. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-18 How Does the Maintenance Phase Apply to BBB? Maintenance – Fix the system Specify acceptable level of performance Control system quality – Adapt the system System is just a first step May be expanded May be discontinued

19. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-19 What Can You Learn from the BBB Case? You can learn how to proceed – Who to hire Use SDLC as a guide – Identify the system – Investigate feasibility – Specify requirements – Design – Implement – Modify Accomplish goals and objectives

20. © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Experiencing MIS, David Kroenke CE17-20 Active Review How does systems development vary according to project scale? What is a typical small-scale project? How does the systems definition phase apply to BBB? How does the requirements definition phase apply to BBB? How do design and implementation phases apply to BBB? How does the maintenance definition phase apply to BBB? What can you learn from the BBB case?