1. C 4 I for the Objective Force 2800 Powder Mill Rd Adelphi, MD 20783 301.394.1722 Gowens@arl.army.mil Direct Fire Function Infantry Carrier Function Indirect Fire Function Sensor Function Organic & Inorganic RSTA NetworkCentric Dr. John W. Gowens II The Army Research Laboratory

2. “Command and control systems-based on information and communications technology - and precision-guided munitions are be critical to all stages of the Pentagon's efforts to transform itself to deal with 21st century threats. ---- Paul Wolfowitz, DSECDEF at AIAA lunch,19 Feb 02. “The area with the greatest potential payoff...is in C4ISR... (to) ensure our commanders have the best information for rapid battlefield decision-making” ---- Gen Richard B. Meyers, CJCS, SASC testimony, 5 Feb 02 The Vision Battlespace Dominance through Information Superiority

3. C 4 I for the Objective Force Objective: A fully mobile and lightweight force with internetted C 4 I with  Communications on-the-move for the mobile commander  Tactical network security  High bandwidth for burst communications  Energy efficient networking for sensor networks  Decision support tools for Unit of Action

4. Communications On-The-Move Fully-mobile, fully-communicating, situation-aware force operating in a highly dynamic, mobile networking environment Challenges: Scalability to thousands of nodes Operate over wireless channels with high levels of interference, jamming, and EW threats Operate on-the-move with highly mobile nodes AND infrastructure Severe energy, bandwidth, spectrum, and computational constraints QoS, LPI, LPD, and security requirements Seamless interoperability Projects: Self-Configuring Wireless Networks Efficient End-to-End Networking Comms Signal Processing Tactical Network Security Free-Space Optical Communications Array TransmitterArray Receiver Scattering Channel

5. Energy-Efficient Networking Energy-efficient communications for heterogeneous, distributed unattended networked microsensors and robotics Challenges: Robust communications in highly energy and bandwidth-constrained environment Self-organizing ad hoc networks adapting to:  Various delivery mechanisms  Node failures  Intermittent connectivity  Mobility Operate over noisy wireless channels with:  Severe near-earth propagation effects (1/R 4 versus 1/R 2 )  Limits on antenna gain at low launch angles  Multipath, fading, and multi-access interference Protection of sensor information while forward-deployed Projects: Highly-Efficient Media Access and Topology Control Energy-Efficient Miniature Radios Energy-Efficient Sensor Networking

6. Decision Support Tools Decision support for the commander-on-the-move Challenges: Automated tools to support the flow and synchronization of data/information among humans and computers Conventional user interface (mouse and keyboard) distracts cognitive process An automated way to integrate & visualize the complexity of battle space Transformation of data to information and information into knowledge Seamless information access of legacy data sources Distributed/remote processing Projects: Collaboration Technologies Battlefield Visualization Multilingual Computing Global Enterprise Integration

7. Integrated C4I Communications Soldier/Agent Collaboration Physical Agents Software Agents Battlefield Visualization Soldiers Multimodal Interaction Intuitive Visualization Unattended Ground Sensors

8. “Heavy forces must be more strategically deployable and more agile with a smaller logistical footprint, and light forces must be more lethal, survivable and tactically mobile. " "... provide survivability through... long-range acquisition, deep targeting, early attack, and first round kill... ”