1. The LHC Computing Grid – February 2008 The Worldwide LHC Computing Grid Dr Ian Bird LCG Project Leader 15 th April 2009 Visit of Spanish Royal Academy of Sciences

2. CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genève 23 Switzerland www.cern.ch/it The LHC Data Challenge Once the accelerator is completed it will run for 10-15 years Experiments will produce about 15 Million Gigabytes of data each year (about 20 million CDs!) LHC data analysis requires a computing power equivalent to ~100,000 of today's fastest PC processors Requires many cooperating computer centres, as CERN can only provide ~20% of the capacity Ian Bird, CERN, IT Department

3. CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genève 23 Switzerland www.cern.ch/it Solution: the Grid Use the Grid to unite computing resources of particle physics institutions around the world The World Wide Web provides seamless access to information that is stored in many millions of different geographical locations The Grid is an infrastructure that provides seamless access to computing power and data storage capacity distributed over the globe Ian Bird, CERN, IT Department

4. CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genève 23 Switzerland www.cern.ch/it How does the Grid work? It makes multiple computer centres look like a single system to the end-user Advanced software, called middleware, automatically finds the data the scientist needs, and the computing power to analyse it. Middleware balances the load on different resources. It also handles security, accounting, monitoring and much more. Ian Bird, CERN, IT Department

5. View of the ATLAS detector (under construction) 150 million sensors deliver data … … 40 million times per second Ian Bird, CERN, IT Department

6. Tier 0 at CERN: Acquisition, First pass reconstruction, Storage & Distribution Ian.Bird@cern.ch 1.25 GB/sec (ions) 6

7. CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genève 23 Switzerland www.cern.ch/it Ian.Bird@cern.ch LHC Computing Grid project (LCG) More than 140 computing centres 12 large centres for primary data management: CERN (Tier-0) and eleven Tier-1s 38 federations of smaller Tier-2 centres – 7 Tier 2 in Spain: supporting ATLAS, CMS, LHCb 35 countries involved Ian Bird, CERN, IT Department PIC

8. Data Transfer Data distribution from CERN to Tier-1 sites – Target rates easily exceeded for extended periods – For all experiments and to all Tier 1 sites – Also between Tier 1/Tier 2 sites

9. Grid activity Workload continues to increase – At the scale needed for physics Distribution of work across Tier0/Tier1/Tier 2 really illustrates the importance of the grid system – Tier 2 contribution is around 50%; >85% is external to CERN Tier 2 sites Tier 0 + Tier 1 sites

10. First events

11. LCG has been the driving force for the European multi- science Grid EGEE (Enabling Grids for E-sciencE) EGEE is now a global effort, and the largest Grid infrastructure worldwide Co-funded by the European Commission (Cost: ~170 M€ over 6 years, funded by EU ~100M€) EGEE already used for >100 applications, including… Impact of the LHC Computing Grid in Europe Medical Imaging Education, Training Bio-informatics Ian Bird, CERN, IT Department

12. Enabling Grids for E-sciencE EGEE-III INFSO-RI-222667 The EGEE project - Bob Jones - EGEE'08 - 22 September 2008 12 EGEE-III Main Objectives –Expand/optimise existing EGEE infrastructure, include more resources and user communities –Prepare migration from a project- based model to a sustainable federated infrastructure based on National Grid Initiatives Flagship Grid infrastructure project co-funded by the European Commission Duration: 2 years Consortium: ~140 organisations across 33 countries EC co-funding: 32Million €

13. Enabling Grids for E-sciencE EGEE-III INFSO-RI-222667 The EGEE project - Bob Jones - EGEE'08 - 22 September 2008 13 EGEE Production Grid Infrastructure Steady growth over the lifetime of the project Improved reliability EGEE Achievements - Infrastructure How can we reduce the effort required to operate this expanding infrastructure?

14. Enabling Grids for E-sciencE EGEE-III INFSO-RI-222667 The EGEE project - Bob Jones - EGEE'08 - 22 September 2008 14 EGEE Achievements - Applications >270 VOs from several scientific domains –Astronomy & Astrophysics –Civil Protection –Computational Chemistry –Comp. Fluid Dynamics –Computer Science/Tools –Condensed Matter Physics –Earth Sciences –Fusion –High Energy Physics –Life Sciences Further applications under evaluation Applications have moved from testing to routine and daily usage ~80-95% efficiency How do we match the expectations of the growing user communities? Will we have enough computing resources to satisfy their needs?

15. Enabling Grids for E-sciencE EGEE-II INFSO-RI-031688 Archeology Astronomy Astrophysics Civil Protection Comp. Chemistry Earth Sciences Finance Fusion Geophysics High Energy Physics Life Sciences Multimedia Material Sciences … >250 sites 48 countries >50,000 CPUs >20 PetaBytes >10,000 users >150 VOs >150,000 jobs/day EGEE-III Partners in Spain: CESGA, CSIC, UNIZAR, UCM IFAE/PIC, CIEMAT, UPV, RED.ES

16. Sustainability Need to prepare for permanent Grid infrastructure Ensure a high quality of service for all user communities Independent of short project funding cycles Infrastructure managed in collaboration with National Grid Initiatives (NGIs) European Grid Initiative (EGI) Ian Bird, CERN, IT Department