1. Mill Frequency and Sediment Load in Bennington, Caledonia, and Chittenden Counties, Vermont Andrew Boule and Miles Sturm December 10, 2003

2. How A Mill Works - The Wheel House

3. - counties chosen for varying geography -painting of mills, dams, and ponds Introduction

4. Methods Looked for mills on Walling’s maps, 1856 - 1858 Calculated mill frequency for each town (per square mile) Looked for relationship between mill frequency and population and relief In the field, we looked for sediment deposits behind former mill sites and other evidence of landscape change

5. Sample Town – Woodford, 1856 Population: 423 Mills: 20 saw mills (orange) 4 ocher mills and 1 oil mill (pink) Area: 123.28 sq. km Mill Frequency:.2028 mills/sq. km (highest of towns sampled)

6. -predominantly saw mills Results -mill frequency Bennington 0.03 /sq km Caledonia 0.03 /sq km Chittenden 0.02 /sq km

7. Results -slight inverse relationship Burlington Woodford

8. 18571996Jericho Affect On Stream Path Upon Removal Of Dams

9. Conclusions Higher mill frequency was found in mountains with higher average slope and less population density. Sediment trapped behind dam was likely transported downstream after the destruction of the dam. Change in Browns River displays the impact humans have on landscape change as far as the construction and destruction of dams

10. Circa 1895Yesterday Old Red Mill, Jericho